Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science > Cellular Energy > Flashcards

Cellular Energy Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is considered anabolic and why

A

photosynthesis bc it forms glucose molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cellular respiration and photosynthesis are considered to be a metabolic pathway, this must mean

A

glucose is the substrate for cellular respiration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

when the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphate group of a molecule of ATP is broken

A

energy is released and the 3rd phosphate is free

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

why is ATP considered to be one of the most important biological molecules

A

ATP provides energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the law of conservation of energy states that when one form of energy is converted into another,

A

no energy is created nor destroyed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

example of catabolic pathway

A

releasing energy while breaking down large molecules such as glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

according to the laws of thermodynamics

A

energy cannot be converted without the use of useable energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

the molecules produced during photosynthesis store energy within their bonds, the energy,

A

originated from the sun, and will be released when glucose is broken down

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the main purpose of the calvin cycle

A

sugar production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

the transferring of chemical energy to the 3 PGA molecules is transferred through

A

ATP and NADPH molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

where does the light-independent phase of photosynthesis take place

A

stroma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what gas enters the stroma to start the calvin cycle

A

carbon dioxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

this enzyme is able to convert inorganic carbon dioxide into organic molecules

A

Rubisco

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what happens to the two G3P molecules that leave the calvin cycle

A

they are used to make glucose, fructose, starch and other organic molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

carbon fixation

A

the joining of carbon with other organic molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what are the products of photosynthesis

A

oxygen and sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the energy acquired in the light dependent reactions is used in the light independent reactions to build glucose molecules. How is this energy transferred from light dependent to light independent reactions

A

in the bonds of ATP and NADPH molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

summary of chemiosmosis

A

hydrogen atoms move down their concentration gradient out of the thylakoid into the storm through ion channels in the membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what captures energy from sunlight during photosynthesis

A

chlorophyll and other pigments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the final receptor that transfers electrons to NADP+ is a protein called

A

ferrodoxin

21
Q

where do the light dependent reactions take place during photosynthesis

A

thylakoids

22
Q

infer why chloroplasts are found mostly in the leaves of plants

A

the large surface area provides for maximum light absorption

23
Q

oxygen atoms released during phase 1 of photosynthesis originated

A

from splitting of water molecules

24
Q

the stage of respiration that releases most of the energy in glucose occurs in the

A

mitochondria

25
Q

the energy-releasing process that does not require oxygen is called

A

glycolysis

26
Q

in which of these does alcoholic fermentation occur

A

yeast

27
Q

the krebs cycle is also known as

A

citric acid cycle

28
Q

what molecule is produced in glycolysis in order to start the krebs cycle

A

pyruvate

29
Q

how many ATP are gained during glycolysis

A

2

30
Q

why does each complete cycle of the krebs cycle result in two turns

A

two molecules of pyruvate were produced during glycolysis

31
Q

what two molecules are produced during the krebs cycle and used during electron transport

A

NADH and FADH

32
Q

what molecule is formed as a result of oxygen being a final receptor for an electron during electron transport

A

water

33
Q

the krebs cycle releases 6 molecules of what gas

A

carbon dioxide

34
Q

what are the raw materials for photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide, water, energy from sun

35
Q

thylakoids

A

individual sacs formed by the inner membrane and are arranged in stacks

36
Q

what pigment is found inside a thylakoid

A

chlorophyll (green)

37
Q

accessory pigments

A

other pigments that trap sunlight and are red orange yellow and brown

38
Q

what cell process occurs in the mitochondria

A

aerobic cellular respiration

39
Q

why do some cells have more mitochondria

A

more active=more mitochondria

40
Q

what simple sugar is broken down in mitchondria

A

glucose

41
Q

where is the energy stored in glucose

A

chemical bonds

42
Q

aerobic process

A

requires oxygen

43
Q

what energy is released when the chemical bonds of glucose are broken

A

ATP

44
Q

why is the inner mitochondrial membrane folded

A

in order to increase surface area

45
Q

what three main things make up an ATP molecule

A

nitrogen base, 5 carbon sugar, 3 phosphate groups

46
Q

how many high energy bonds does ATP contain

A

1

47
Q

where are the high energy bonds found in ATP

A

between the last two phosphate groups

48
Q

when ATP loses a phosphate group ______ is released for cells and a molecule of ____ forms

A

1 - energy; 2 - ADP

49
Q

what product of photosynthesis is used in cellular respiration

A

glucose

Science (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions