CELLULAR ADAPTION Flashcards
Explain a ‘Housekeeping Gene’
Maintenance of basic cellular function/normal function
Explain a ‘Differentiating Genes’
Determines characteristics of a particular cell type
Define ‘Homeostasis’.
Organism remaining in certain range to maintain stable function
Define ‘Allostasis’.
Organ constantly varies and adjust to maintain stable function
Name the 5 types of Adaptive Cells.
- Atrophy
- Hypertrophy
- Hyperplasia
- Metaplasia
- Dysplasia
Define ‘Atrophy’.
Decreasing cell size from lack of work demands/environmental conditions
Describe ‘Denervation Atrophy’.
Disuse in muscles of paralyzed limb
Describe ‘Loss of Endocrine Stimulation Atrophy’.
Atrophic change in uterus from loss of estrogen during menopause
Describe ‘Inadequate Nutrition Atrophy’.
Seen in malnutrition
Describe ‘Ischemia Atrophy’. (lack of blood flow)
Cell decrease size and energy requirements to survive
Define ‘Hypertrophy’.
Increasing cell size with increase in tissue mass
Which tissues are common to have Hypertrophy?
Skeletal and Cardiac muscle tissue - cannot form more cells by mitotic division
Thickening of organ from abnormal functioning of structure is an example of?
Adaptive Hypertrophy
Enlargement of remaining organ/tissue after a portion has been removed is an example of?
Compensatory Hypertrophy
Define ‘Hyperplasia’.
Increase in number of cells in an organ that are capable of mitotic division
