cellular adaption Flashcards
what does injury lead to
tissue and organ injury
what is cellular adaption
Alteration enables cell to maintain steady state despite
adverse conditions
what is atrophy
decrease in cell size d/t protein synthesis or increased protein
catabolism or both
describe pathologic atrophy
(d/t decrease in blood supply, use) aging brain
what is hypertrophy
increase in size of cell d/t increased work demands or hormonal
stimulation. Amounts of proteins in membrane, mitochondria etc. (increased)
describe physiologic atrophy
(d/t normal stressors i.e. enlargement of skeletal muscles
w/exercise)
thymus gland involutes
describe pathologic atrophy conditions
abnormal stressor i.e. enlargement of heart d/t aortic
stenosis/CHF)
what is hyperplasia
increase in number of cells d/t increased rate of
cellular division
describe compensatory hyperplasia
enables certain organs to regenerate
describe hormonal hyperplasia
stimulates to replace lost tissue
describe pathologic hyperplasia
abnormal proliferation of normal cells d/t hormonal
stimulation
what is dysplasia
abnormal change in size, shape, organization of tissue
cells. Typically associated with cancer
what is metaplasia
reversible replacement of mature cells by another less
mature cell type
what is the condition called of when cells size decreases
atrophy
what is the condition called of when cell size increases
hypertrophy
