CELLULAR ADAPTATION TO INJURY Flashcards
Refers to different mechanism by which a cell
undergoes in response to or compensation to a stress bought about by injurious factors
adaptation
adaptation are _____________changes in the size, number ,phenotype, metabolic activity, or functions of cells in response to changes in their environment.
reversible
There is a shrinkage of size because there is a loss of a cell substance
atrophy
causes of atrophy
Physiologic: normal diet, decrease of workload. Pathologic: denervation of muscle, loss of muscle mass. Diminished blood supply and nutritional deficiency. Idiopathic
Increase of cell size, tissue and organ also
increases
hypertrophy; can be seen in skeletal and heart muscle
Increase number of cells because of the
increase number of cell division. Usually occurs together with hypertrophy
and triggered by the same external stimuli.
hyperplasia
usually seen in dividing cells
hypertrophy and
hyperplasia
seen in non-dividing cells
hypertrophy; because there is no prolireation
This is a loss of uniformity of individual cells,
and in their architectural cell orientation.
dysplasia
exhibit an considerable
phleomorphism and often possess a
polychromatic nuclei that are abnormally
large for the size of the cell.
dysplasia
thought to be related with hyperplasia
atypical hyperplasia
this plastic cell is often
seen in the fossi adjacent to the cancerous
region known as?
preneoplastic lesion
cell type that is sensitive to a
particular stress that is replaced by another
cell type better able to stand the adverse
environment.
metaplasia
a reversible process, and
thought to be caused by stem cell
reprogramming.
metaplasia; example is when a columnar cell become squamous due to chronic irritation
