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Biosci107 > Cells & Tissues > Flashcards

Cells & Tissues Flashcards

Structural organisation of the body. Epithelium, Connective Tissue, Muscle Tissue and Nervous Tissue

1
Q

What surface of an epithelial cells is attached to the neighbouring cell?

A

The lateral surface

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2
Q

What surface of an epithelial cells is attached to the basement membrane?

A

The Basal surface

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3
Q

What are the 6 levels of structural organisation of an organism?

A
  1. Chemical
  2. Cellular
  3. Tissues
  4. Organs
  5. Organ Systems
  6. Organism
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4
Q

Label A, B and C

A

A - Desmosome

B - Intermediate Filament

C - Cadherin

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5
Q

Label A, B and C

A

A- Adherins Junction

B- Cadherin

C- Catenin

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6
Q

Label A, B and C

A

A- Tight Junction

B- Claudins

C- Occludins

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7
Q

Label A, B and C

A

A-Hemichannel

B- Connexons

C- Gap Junction (2 Hemichannels = 1 gap junction)

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8
Q

Label A, B and C

A

A- Integrins

B- Laminin

C- reticular Fibres

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9
Q

What are examples of Simple NON-cilliated Columnar epithelium and what is its function?

A

Lines mouth –> Anus

Secretion and absorption

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10
Q

What are examples of simple squamous epithelium and what is its function?

A

Mesothelium and Endothelium.

Filtration and Diffusion

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11
Q

What are examples of simple cuboidal epithelium and what is its function?

A

Pancreas duct, Thyroid

Secretion and absorption

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12
Q

What are examples of Simple cilliated columnar epithelium and what is its function?

A

Bronchioles, uterine fallopian tubes, sinuses, ventricles of brain and in spinal cord

Motility

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13
Q

What are examples of KERATINIZED stratified squamous epithelium and what is its function?

A

Skin

Protection

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14
Q

What are examples of NON-keritinized stratified squamous epithelium and what is its function?

A

Mouth, throat, esophagus and vagina.

Protection from abrasion

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15
Q

What are examples of stratified Cuboidal epithelium?

A

Ducts of sweat glands and esophageal glands

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16
Q

What are examples of stratified transitional epithelium?

A

The epithelium of the bladder

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17
Q

What are examples of pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium and what is its function?

A

Trachea and Bronchea

Secrete mucis from goblet cells

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18
Q

What are examples of pseudostratified non ciliated columnar epithelium and what is its function?

A

Large ducts of glands, Epididymis, part of male urethra.

Absorb and protect.

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19
Q

What are examples of stratified Columnar epithelium?

A

It is rare but can be found: Parts of the urethra, Esophageal glands and conjunctiva of the eye

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20
Q

What is an example of a single cell gland?

A

Goblet cell

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21
Q

What id the difference between a simple gland and a compound gland?

A

Simple has 1 duct, compound has more than 1 duct

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22
Q

What are th 5 types of simple exocrine gland?

A
  • Simple Tubular
  • Simple Branched tubular
  • Simple Coiled
  • Simple Acinar
  • Simple Branched Acinar
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23
Q

What are the 3 types of compound exocrine gland?

A
  • Compound tubular
  • Compound Acinar
  • Compound tubuloacinar
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24
Q

What is an example of simple tubular duct?

A

Intestinal glands

25
Q

What is an example of a simple coiled tubular gland?

A

Merocrine sweat gland

26
Q

What is an example of a simple branched tubular gland?

A

Gastric glands, Mucus glands of esophagus, tongue and duodenum

27
Q

What is an example of a simple alveolar gland?

A

Embryonic stage of simple branched glands

28
Q

What is an example of a simple branched alveolar gland?

A

Sebaceous oil glands

29
Q

What are examples of compound tubular glands?

A

Mucous glands

Bulbo-urethral glands

Seminiferous tubules of testes

30
Q

What is an example of a compound alveolar gland?

A

Mammary gland

31
Q

What is an example of a compound tubuloalveolar gland?

A

salivary gland

glands of respiratory passage

pancreas

32
Q

What is the protein that surrounds elastin?

A

Fibrillin

33
Q

Which protein is reduced in Marfans syndrome?

A

A mutation on chromosome 15 leads to a decrease in production of fibrillin

34
Q

Which fibre is the most abundant in the human body?

A

Collagen

35
Q

Which fibre forms part of the basement membrane?

A

Reticular fibre

36
Q

Which is the thinnest branching fibre?

A

Reticular fibres

37
Q

What does a fibroblast do?

A

Secrete parts of the ECM and help with migration.

38
Q

Where would you find an adipocyte and what is it role?

A

Under skin and around organs. Its role is to store fat

39
Q

What is a dust cell?

A

A macrophage of the lung

40
Q

What is a kupffer cell?

A

Macrophage of the liver

41
Q

What is a langerhan’s cell?

A

Macrophage of the skin

42
Q

What produces a plasma cell?

A

B-lympocytes

43
Q

What are some of the main cites that you would find a plasma cell?

A

Gut, lung, salivary gland, lymph node, spleen, red bone marrow.

44
Q

What does a mast cell produce?

A

Histamine

45
Q

What are two examples of leukocytes?

A

Neutrophils and Eosinaphils

46
Q

What is the most common form of connective tissue?

A

Loose areolar connective tissue

47
Q

What are the two types of adipocytes?

A

White adipose- fat storage

brown adipose- heat production

48
Q

What is the structure and function of reticular connective tissue?

A

reticular connective tissue forms the stroma of organs, its role is to filter. for example filtering out old RBCs in the spleen

49
Q

What are the 3 dense connective tissue proper subtypes?

A

Dense regular

Dense irregular

Elastic

50
Q

What are the 3 loose connective tissue proper subtypes?

A

Areolar tissue

Adipose tissue

Reticular tissue

51
Q

What are the 2 mineral salts in bone and what do they form?

A

calcium phosphate and calcium hydroxide they form hydroxyapatite.

52
Q

Which formed elements of blood are phagocytic?

A

Neutrophils and macrophages (from monocytes)

53
Q

Which formed elements of blood are responsible for the intestification of the inflammatory reaction?

A

Basophils and mast cells

54
Q

which formed elements of blood are responsible for the protection against parasitic worms and acute allergic response?

A

Eosinaphils

55
Q

Which are the formed elements of blood are responsible for the immune response?

A

Lymphocytes (B and T cells)

56
Q

What is the longest muscle in the body?

A

Sartorius in the leg

57
Q

What is the smallest muscle in the body?

A

Stapedius muscle in the ear

58
Q

Actin

A

What are Microfilaments composed of?

Biosci107 (6 decks)

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