Cells Test Flashcards
How do animal cells differ from plant cells
Plant cells have a cell wall, vacuole and chloroplasts, animal cells dont
What is the purpose of staining the wo samples of cells
To make cell parts clearer and obvious
Cell membrane purpose
Controls what enters or leaves
Nuclear membrane purpose
Controls what enters or leaves the nucleus
Nucleus purpose
Control canter (Contains chromosomes)
Chromosomes purpose
Controls genetic information
Cytoplasm purpose
where chemical reactions take place
Mitochondria
Site of cell respiration
Cellulose cell wall
Provides support
Large permanent vacuole
Contains cell sap, supports cell when full
Chloroplast purpose
Contain chlorophyll - site of photosynthesis (only in green parts of plant
Non cellulose wall purpose
Provides support
Plasmid purpose
Small rings of DNA
What are the 3 cell types
Animal
Plant
Bacterial
What is unicellular
Organism that consist of a single cell
Example of a unicellular organism
Bacteria
What is multicellular
Organisms made up of many cells
What are specialised cells and an example
cells that are adapted to carry out a particular function e.g. sperm cell has a tail to allow it to swim
What is tissue and example
Group of similar cells working together to perform a shared function e.g. muscle
What is Organ and example
Made up of several types of tissue and carries out a specific function e.g. heart
What is organ system and example
Group of organs that operate together to carry out a particular function e.g. circulatory system
Plant organ system
What is the Shoot System & Root System
Shoot system
Above ground parts of a plant (e.g. stem leaves, flowers) responsible for photosynthesis and reproduction
Root System
Below ground parts of a plant (e.g. roots) responsible for anchorage and absorption of water and nutrients (may also be involved in storage of energy)
Why do you start viewing with a low power objective lens first
Allow you to locate the specimen
Prevent damage to lens when trying to focus for the first time
How is magnification calculated
magnification = eye piece magnification x objective magnification
Purpose of the coverslip method
to hold the specimen in place and protect it from contamination from the environment
What are two commonly used stains
Iodine and Methylene Blue
How can you tell it is an onion cell
no chloroplasts (it is underground, no light meaning no need for chloroplasts)
