Cells - Term 3 Flashcards
Nucleus
A membrane-bound organelle. It’s the control centre and it tells us what to do.
Nucleolus.
A small, spherical structure in the nucleus.
Cell membrane.
The outer structure of all animal cells. It keeps the contents of the cell inside and allows some materials to enter and exit through its outer.
Cytoplasm.
The jelly-like fluid that fills the cell and contains the cells organelles. The cytoplasm has many different molecules dissolved solution, including enzymes. Fatty acids, sugars, amino and waste products.
Endoplasmic reticulum.
- stores chemicals such as hormones. (for soft ER)
- transports and packages proteins.
(for rough ER)
Ribosomes.
- tiny organelles found in the cytoplasm
- occurs in great numbers
- they make proteins (such as enzymes)
Golgi Body.
-assists in storing packaging and distributing proteins and fats.
Lysosomes.
- one of the key organelles involved in digestion and waste removal.
- organelles that contain digestive enzymes.
- the digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles are engulfed viruses or bacteria.
Vacuole.
- a sac within a cell
- used to store food and wastes.
- plant cells usually have only one large vacuole.
- animal cells can have small numerous ones, or even none at all.
Cell wall.
- only found in plant cells
- the outer ‘wall’ in plant cells.
Mitochondrias.
- small rod shaped organelle.
- supplies energy to other parts of the cell.
(Singular mitochondrias in mitochrondrion)
Chloroplasts.
- oval shaped organelles
- found in only plant cells
- contain the pigment of chlorophyll, which makes plants green.
- they are also known as ‘factories’
- carbon dioxide and water are changed into food through the process of photosynthesis.
Look on photos. Look up the image of the microscope, and list it. Once you’ve done this, go back onto this and rate your knowledge of it.
This means I’ve done the microscope.
Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
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