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Brain and behavior > Cells of the nervous system > Flashcards

Cells of the nervous system Flashcards

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The Brain flashcards
1
Q

What is cell membrane?

A

Semipermeable membrane that encloses the neuron.

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2
Q

What are the dendrites?

A

Shrot processes emanating from the cell body which receive most of the synaptic contacts from other neurons.

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3
Q

What is axon hillock?

A

The cone-shaped fegion at the junction between the axon and the cell body?

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4
Q

What is axon?

A

Long, narrow process, that projects from the cell body?

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5
Q

What is cell body?

A

The metabolic center of the neuron, also called soma.

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6
Q

What is myelin?

A

The fatty insulation around many axons.

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7
Q

What are the nodes of Ranvier?

A

The gaps between sections of myelin?

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8
Q

What are the terminal buttons?

A

The buttonlike endings of the axon branches, which release chemicals into synapses.

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9
Q

What are the synapses?

A

The gaps between adfacent neurons across which chemical signals are transmitted.

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10
Q

What are the types of neurons based on morphology?

A

Unipolar, Bipolar, Multiopolar and Anaxonci (multipolar interneuron)

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11
Q

How are the cell bodies called in the CNS?

A

Nuclei.

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12
Q

How are the cell bodies called in the PNS?

A

Ganglia.

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13
Q

How are axons called in CNS?

A

Tracts.

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14
Q

How are axons called in PNS?

A

Nerves.

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15
Q

What are the types of glial cells?

A

Oligodendrocytes, Schwan cells, Microglia, Astrocytes.

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16
Q

What are the oligodendrocytes?

A

Myealin sheaths in the CNS.

17
Q

What are the schwan cells?

A

Myealin sheaths in the PNS.

18
Q

What is microglia?

A

Cells responsible for sending signals for inflammatory response in the NS?

19
Q

What are the astrocytes?

A

Cells stuck to the blood vessels responsible for O2, nutrient supply. They have receptors that detect which particles are safe for crossing the blood-brain barrier.

20
Q

What is the Acetilholinergic system responsible for?

A

Alertness, vigilance, memory

21
Q

What is the Dopaminergic system responsible for?

A

Motor control, reward behaviour, executive functions, role in emotions.

22
Q

What is the Noradrenergic system responsible for?

A

Arousal, vigilance, sleep.

23
Q

What is the serotonergic system responsible for?

A

Mood, appetite, sexual behaviour, role in learning and memory.

Brain and behavior (4 decks)

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