Cells of the Immune System Flashcards
Which cells are a part of both the innate and adaptive immunity?
gamma delta T cells
NKT cells
What type of cells make up the adaptive immunity?
B and T cells
What are CD markers? What do they refer to?
CD markers are a way to… ______.
Cluster of Differentiation markers are a way to define nomenclature for cell surface molecules like receptors, ligands, and adhesion molecules.
Distinguish between immune cell populations (immunophenotyping).
What what do immune responses result?
A coordinated activity between many cells, organs, and microenvironments in the body.
What are HSCs? What is their ability? From what are they derived? Where are they located? What is their CD identifier?
Hematopoietic stem cells Differenitate into many types of cells The mesoderm pluripotent cells located in red bone marrow CD34+
What are fixed leucocytes?
Tissue resident cells
What are the two major classes of HSCs?
Common myeloid/lymphoid progenitor cells. CMP/CLP
Name some CLPs.
Name some CMPs.
T cell, B cells, DCs, NK cells
DCs, Macrophage/monocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, mast cell, platelets, erythrocytes
What are Erythrocytes?
What are Megakaryocytes?
RBCs, anuclear (CMP)
Form platelets - cell fragments in circ for clotting (CMP)
What do platelets do in the immune system?
Trap bacteria and help destroy.
Promote neutrophil tethering/activation
Promote DC/T cell activation and adaptive immune responses
What are monocytes? What are their function?
CMP migrates into tissues and differentiates as macrophages - repairs, remodels, destroys, and Ag presentation
Can differentiate into mDCs for T cell Ag presentation
Generates tissue resident macrophages (osteoclasts, microglial cells, alveolar macrophages)
What are granulocytes?
What cells fall under the granulocyte heading and what are their functions?
CMPs with CD66b+
neutrophil - first responder phagocytes
eosinophil - against multicellular parasites
basophils - non-phagocytic, release histamine
mast cells - in tissues, release histamine
Eosinophils produce? Basophils produce? Mast cells produce? Monocytes/macrophage produce? (Cytokines)
IL-4 and IL5/IL13
IL-4 and histamine
IL5/IL13, histamine, and IL1/IL6, TNF
Il1/IL6 and TNF
Give a brief description of B cells.
CLP. Express BcR which recognize intact Ag. Sythesize Abs. Naive B cells differentiate into memory B cells, effector plasma cells (Ab secretion). CD19+ and CD20+
Give a brief description of T cells.
CLP.
Express TcR which recognize processed Ag from MHC.
Naive T cells differentiate into memory, effector (CD4) Cytotoxic (CD8) and more.
Subset similar to NK cells called NKT.
All are CD3+
