cells + control // neurotransmission speeds

Question 1

Describe the structures of motor neurones

Answer 1

Nervous system cells are called neurones. They have three distinct parts, including a cell body, axon, and dendrites. These parts help them to send and receive chemical and electrical signals

Question 2

Describe the structures of relay neurones

Answer 2

Relay neurons connect various neurons within the brain and spinal cord, and are easy to recognize, due to their short axons. Alike to motor neurons, interneurons are multipolar. This means they have one axon and several dendrites

Question 3

Explain how motor neurones are adapted to their functions.

Answer 3

The features of neurones help them to carry out their function efficiently: the axon is insulated by a fatty (myelin) sheath - the fatty sheath increases the speed of the nerve impulses along the neurone

Question 4

Define synapse

Answer 4

A tiny gap at the junction between two nerve cells, which nerve signals must cross.

Question 5

Explain the action and function of synapses

Answer 5

a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target effector cell. Synapses are essential to the transmission of nervous impulses from one neuron to another.

Question 6

Explain how the structure of the reflex arc allows a faster response.

Answer 6

There are three main types of neurone sensory, motor and relay. These different types of neurones work together in a reflex action. A reflex action follows this general sequence and does not involve the conscious part of the brain. This is why the response is so fast.

Question 7

What is the structure of the reflex arc

Answer 7

stimulus, receptor, sensory neurone, relay neurone and motor neurone, effector, response.