Cells, Cell Division, and Cell Specialization

Question 1

what is the function of the Cytoplasm

Answer 1

Gel-like material inside cells, contains the other organelles

Question 2

what is the function of the Nucleus

Answer 2

Contains DNA and controls the cell

Question 3

what is the function of the Endoplasmic Reticulum

Answer 3

Contains DNA and controls the cell

Question 4

what is the function of the Ribosomes

Answer 4

Manufactures proteins

Question 5

what is the function of the Mitochondria

Answer 5

Releases energy

Question 6

what is the function of the Chromatin

Answer 6

Long strands of DNA

Question 7

what is the function of the Chloroplast

Answer 7

Does photosynthesis in plant cells

Question 8

what is the function of the Vacuole

Answer 8

Stores water, food, and waste

Question 9

what is the function of the Golgi body

Answer 9

sorts & packages substances in the cell

Question 10

Which cell parts are found only in plant cells?

Answer 10

Cell wall and chloroplasts

Question 11

what releases energy for the cell to use

Answer 11

mitochondria

Question 12

Structure that forms the outer boundary of an animal cell

Answer 12

cell membrane

Question 13

Provides structure to the cell, not found in animal cells

Answer 13

Cell wall

Question 14

Contains genetic information

Answer 14

nucleus

Question 15

Special structures in the cell that perform specific functions.

Answer 15

organelles

Question 16

why do cells divide?

Answer 16

for Growth, Repair, and Reproduction

Question 17

what is the stage before mitosis and what happens?

Answer 17

Interphase, Cell is growing, copying organelles, replicating DNA
Most of the cell’s life is spent in interphase

Question 18

what are the four stages of mitosis and whats happens up to this stage?

Answer 18

Cell divides into two identical daughter cells. 4 stages in order: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 19

What happens in prophase?

Answer 19

Nucleus dissolves, chromatin coils to form chromosomes

Question 20

what happens in Metaphase?

Answer 20

Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell, centrioles send out spindle fibres to help move chromosomes

Question 21

what happens in Anaphase?

Answer 21

Spindle fibres pull chromosomes to opposite ends of the cell.

Question 22

What happens in Telophase?

Answer 22

Cell membrane starts to pinch in, nucleus forms around each set of chromosomes, chromosomes uncoil to form chromatin

Question 23

What happens in cytokinesis?

Answer 23

Cell membrane and cytoplasm divide to form two identical daughter cells

Question 24

What is cancer?

Answer 24

Uncontrolled cell division

Question 25

What is a carcinogen? Give three examples of substances that are carcinogenic ( risk of developing cancer)

Answer 25

Something that increases the risk of developing cancer.
smoking, alcohol, UV, X rays,, some foods

Question 26

How can cancer be treated?

Answer 26

Chemotherapy and radiation

Question 27

List the terms in order from least to most complex: ORGAN, TISSUE, CELL, ORGAN SYSTEM

Answer 27

Cell, tissue, organ, organ system

Question 28

What is a stem cell?

Answer 28

Undifferentiated cell

Question 29

Describe an important use of stem cells in science or medicine.

Answer 29

Cloning, grow organs for transplants (potential), treat some diseases

Question 30

Why might some people be opposed to stem cell research

Answer 30

Some ethical objections to using embryonic stem cells.

Question 31

what are the two types of stem cells

Answer 31

Embryonic stem cells, Somatic / Tissue / Adult stem cells

Question 32

A microscope has an ocular lens with 10X magnification, and 3 objective lenses with 4X, 40X and 400X magnification. Calculate the total magnification at low, medium and high power.

Answer 32

Low: 40x
Medium: 400x
High: 4000x

Question 33

Describe the steps to view a specimen on a microscope slide on medium power.

Answer 33

Lower stage as far as possible, use LOW power lens, use coarse adjustment to focus, then fine adjustment. then switch to MEDIUM power objective lens, ONLY use fine adjustment to focus.