Cells and water distribution

Question 1

What is a prokaryotic cell?

Answer 1

Cells with no membrane bound structures e.g. bacteria

Question 2

What is a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 2

All cells that make up animals body with membrane.

Question 3

What are organelles?

Answer 3

The different functions to allow a cell to work.

Question 4

What is smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 4

Folded membranes that product fat (lipid synthesis) for energy.

Question 5

What is rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 5

Folded membranes with ribosomes attached to make protein (protein synthesis) to produce mucus.

Question 6

What is a cell membrane?

Answer 6

Protective layer around the whole cell that has a wall.

Question 7

What does a cell membrane do?

Answer 7

Allows food, oxygen and water in. Let’s waste out.

Question 8

What is cytoplasm?

Answer 8

Liquid that fills the cell (like jelly).

Question 9

What does cytoplasm do?

Answer 9

Where chemical reactions occur, it contains water and flows constantly.

Question 10

What is the mitochondria?

Answer 10

BATTERY. Converts energy in food to stored energy.

Question 11

What are ribosomes?

Answer 11

Make proteins.

Question 12

What is a chromatin?

Answer 12

Made of DNA and proteins. Used for cell division and only seen when actively dividing. Found in the nucleus.

Question 13

What is the Gogli apparatus?

Answer 13

POST OFFICE SORTER. Stacked flat mambrane where proteins are stored and sorted.

Question 14

What is a fagella?

Answer 14

Moves sperm cells.

Question 15

What is a nucleus?

Answer 15

BRAIN. The largest organelle, controls and directs.

Question 16

What is the nuclear membrane?

Answer 16

Nucleus wall. Seperates nucleus from cytoplasm but allows passage.

Question 17

What are lysosomes?

Answer 17

PACMAN. Eats waste and digests. Breaks down a cell when it dies.

Question 18

What is Cilla?

Answer 18

HAIRS. Wafts/moves substances over surface.

Question 19

Where is Cilla found?

Answer 19

Respiratory tract moving mucus and female reproductive tract.

Question 20

Where are melanocytes found?

Answer 20

Found in lower layers of skin and hair.

Question 21

What do Melanocytes do?

Answer 21

Produce pigment in hair and skin.

Question 22

Where are haemosiderin found?

Answer 22

Cells that destroy red blood cells e.g. liver or spleen.

Question 23

What are secretory vesicles?

Answer 23

POST MAN. Receive protein from Golgi apparatus after sorting. Allow protein to move from inside to outside of a cell.

Question 24

What is a microvilli?

Answer 24

Increases surface area of cells promoting absorbtion of materials e.g. looking through intestine.

Question 25

What is metabolism?

Answer 25

The total sum of chemical reactions taking place in the body.

Question 26

What is anabolic?

Answer 26

Build up of reactions using energy (build tower block).

Question 27

What is catabolic?

Answer 27

Break down of reactions releasing energy (tower block falling).

Question 28

What is internal respiration?

Answer 28

Cells using food/energy to function.

Question 29

Where would you find adenosine triphosphate (ATP)?

Answer 29

Stored as energy in the mitochondria.

Question 30

Is ATP stable?

Answer 30

Yes.

Question 31

Is ADP stable?

Answer 31

No.

Question 32

Name the 4 transportation methods across a membrane.

Answer 32

Passive, active, endocytosis and exocytosis.

Question 33

What is a passive transportation mode?

Answer 33

Diffusion, osmosis and facilitied diffusion

Question 34

Does passive transportation require energy?

Answer 34

No.

Question 35

Does active transportation require energy?

Answer 35

Yes.

Question 36

What is active transportation?

Answer 36

Cells containing mitochondria e.g. ATP + ADP

Question 37

What is endocytosis?

Answer 37

Taking in water or solid from the outside.

Question 38

What is phagocytosis?

Answer 38

A cell eating solids.

Question 39

What is pinocytosis?

Answer 39

A cell drinking liquid.

Question 40

What does pH stand for?

Answer 40

Power of hydrogen.

Question 41

What is a neutral pH?

Answer 41

7.4.

Question 42

When will blood pH become acidosis?

Answer 42

When it's dropped below a pH of 7.35.

Question 43

Will you have more or less hydrogen if in alkalosis?

Answer 43

Less.

Question 44

Will you have more or less hydrogen in acidosis?

Answer 44

More.