Cells and Transport Flashcards
Determines the function of the membrane
Proteins
Their job is to identify molecules
Carbs
The plasma membrane is a lipid bilayer, what is it made of?
Phospholipids
&
Cholesterol
What are the two specific parts of the phospholipid?
Polar head that is hyroliphic (loves water)
&
Non-polar tail that is hydrophobic (Repels water)
What does cholesterol do?
Stiffens the membrane
These proteins are on the inside of the membrane for transport
Integral
These proteins are on the edges of the membrane for linking cells and movement
Peripheral
When proteins create an impermeable junction like a zipper
Tight Junction
Anchoring junctions that provide support for the membrane
Desmosomes
Loose connections that allow molecules/ions to pass freely in and out
Gap Junction
List 3 types of passive membrane transport
- Diffusion
- Facilitated Diffusion
- Osmosis
Molecules move unassisted from high concentration to low
Diffusion
Molecules pass right through the lipid bilayer
Simple Diffusion
Selective, but passive, process where molecules don’t move across the membrane by themselves
Facilitated diffusion
Facilitated diffusion where proteins change shape to allow molecules to pass through
Carrier-Mediated
Facilitated diffusion where proteins allow molecules through based upon size
Channel-Mediated
Movement of water from high to low, through channels called aquaporins, to reach equilibrium
Osmosis
Water always follows the solute. What does this mean?
Water will always flow towards the area with a higher concentration
ATP allows big molecules to pass through the membrane through a pump, against concentration gradient
Primary Active Transport
Molecules move into the cell through carrier proteins, but they also bring in a glucose
Secondary Active Transport
Active transport where large particles come into the cell and are moved across the membrane by vehicles
Vesicular Transport
Vesicular transport that is specific to the big molecules
Phagocytosis
Vesicular transport that brings little bits of extracellular fluid into the cell
Pinocytosis
The vesicle moves something to the plasma membrane, opens a hole in itself, and lets things leave
Exocytosis
