Cells And The Microscope

Question 1

What is the function of the cell?

Answer 1

1. REPLICATE: increase the size of the organism by dividing the cells.
2. REPLACE: divide to make more cells when cells die or are damaged.
3. REPAIR: fix the damaged cells.
4. STORE ENERGY type molecules which release energy needed to perform essential functions (e.g. Digestion)

Question 2

What are the types of cells?

Answer 2

1. UNICELLULAR: organisms made up of one cell (e.g. Bacteria)
2. MULTICELLULAR: organisms made up of two or more cells(e.g. Humans)

Question 3

What are the common characteristic structures of a cell?

Answer 3

1. Cell membrane
2. Cytoplasm
3. *Cell wall [only found in plant cells]
4. Organelles

Question 4

What is a cell membrane?

Answer 4

1. Thin boundary/ structure which surrounds the cell.

Question 5

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Answer 5

1. Controls what goes into and comes out of the cell.

2. SEMI-PERMEABLE: only some substances to enter and leave the cell.

Question 6

What is the cytoplasm?

Answer 6

1. Jelly-like granular substance in which most of the cells activities are carried out.

Question 7

What is the function of the cytoplasm?

Answer 7

1. Provide structural support to the contents of the cell.

Question 8

What is the cell wall and where is it only found?

Answer 8

1. Only found in plant Cells
2. Surrounds the outside of the cell membrane.
3. Non-living layer made up of cellulose.

Question 9

What is the function of the cell wall?

Answer 9

1. Provides protection against damage and infestation.

2. Helps to maintain the shape of the cell, while providing strength and support.

Question 10

What are organelles?

Answer 10

1. Small structures found inside the cells which have specific functions.

Question 11

What is a nucleus?

Answer 11

1. A larger, darker, circular shape found in the cytoplasm.

Question 12

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 12

1. Controls all the functions of the cell

2. Houses the hereditary material (genes)

Question 13

What is a vacuole?

Answer 13

1. A cavity surrounded by a membrane and filled with cell sap (water and mineral salts)

Question 14

What is the function of the vacuole?

Answer 14

1. Stores cell sap.

2. In plants- keeps the cell firm and turgid.

Question 15

What is a chloroplast?

Answer 15

1. A cell which is only found in plants.

2. Small structures which contain green pigment.

Question 16

What is the function of a chloroplasts?

Answer 16

1. Responsible for the conversion of radical energy into chemical energy, called photosynthesis.

Question 17

What are mitochondrion?

Answer 17

1. Small oval structures which are enclosed by a double membrane.

Question 18

What are the functions of the mitochondrion?

Answer 18

1. Converts stored food into energy.

2. This is called respiration.

Question 19

What is a cell?

Answer 19

1. The cell is the structural and functional unit of all living organisms.