Cells And Systems Chapter 1&2 Flashcards
Characteristics of livings things
Are made of cells Need energy Grow and develop respond to the environment, reproduce, have adaptions for their environment
Living vs no living
All living things are organisms have all these characteristics have some of these characters your sticks but not all of them works after clouds may grow in size
Structure vs function
all organisms need to certian things to survive like move but different organism move differently some animals have wings some have feet some have tails just like moving theres different ways to breath like gills, lungs, spiracle,skin.
Variation in structures
structures used for function can be very differnt . similar organism have variataions in there body like birds have different beaks depending where they life
respiratory system
respiratory system nose, mouth, trachea, diaphragm, bronchi, lungs,
Function is transport oxygen from the outside air to the blood and transport carbon dioxide from the blood to outside air
Digestive system
Salivary glands Mouth, Esophagus stomach, liver, pancreas, Gall Blatter, small intestine, large intestine
The function is to break down food product into small litter particles so they can be absorbed and transported throughout the body
Nervous systems
Brain,
spinal cord,
nerves,
ears eyes and other sensing organs
The function is to coordinate and control the actions of all organs and organ systems and detect process and respond to changes in Extrano an internal environments
Excretory system
Kidneys, bladder, lungs, skin, liver
Removes chemical and gaseous waste from the blood
Skeletal system
Bones and Cartlidge
provide a moveable support frame for the body and protects soft touch tissue organs such as the heart and lungs
Muscular systems
Muscles and tendons
Move bones
Move organs that contain muscular tissues like hart
Integumentary systems
Skin
Who directs the bodies external environment from external environment since his pain pressure and temperature
Animals cells vs plant
Plant cell
Cell wall Chloroplast Nucleus to the side Vacole large Rectangular
Animal cell
Lysosomes
Nucleus yo the centre
Vacuole small
Rounded
Both
Golgi apparatuses Mitochondria Nucleus Nucleolus Endoplqwmic reticlum ER Vacuole Plasma membrane Cell membrane Ribosomes Cytoplasm
Cell wall
Outer covering of a cell that provides strength and support found only in plant cells
Chloroplast
Organelles that convert sunlight into food found only in some plant cells
Cell membrane
Your structure that encloses all the contents of the plant and animal cells as tiny openings that allowed particles of a substance diseases to pass through but not all
Cytoplasm
Contents of the cell inside the cell membrane excluding the nucleus contains nutrients the cell needs to survive
Mitochondria
Organelles that convert energy the cell revives into a form you can use
Nucleus
Organelle that directs all the activities in the cell
Vacuole
Organelles that store water and other substances we required by the cell
Golgi apparatus
A major organelle it’s acts to process and package the macromolecules such as proteins and liquids that are synthesized by the cell
Lysosomes
An organelle in the silo plasm containing degradative enzymes enclosed Ina membrane
Nuceolos
A small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of cell during interphase
Endiplasmic reticlum
A small sense spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase
Plasma membrane
The plasma membrane is the boundary between the celll and its environment. It regulate what enters and exits the cell
Ribosomes
A minute particle consisting RNA and associated proteins, found in large numbers in he cytoplasm of living cells. They bind messages RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins
Multicellular
Made up of two or more cells
Unicellular
Made of one cell
Cells
Cells are the smallest known functioning units of light all organisms must be made of at least one cell
What’s the smallest group of organism so far
Mycoplasma
Unicellular
One cell unicellular organisms do most things we need cells to do like it move react to stimuli get rid of raced and reproductive
The key is Uni cellular organisms develop specialized structures to perform these functions they rely on a single celled to meet all their needs
Multicellular
Multicellular organisms things we cells to do to be a living thing Eat Move React to stimuli Get ride of waste Reproduct
The Key is multicellular organisms have many specialized cells that interact to perform these functions they rely on others to meet all of their needs
Amoeba
Amoebas Common living in water uniclellular Move with foot like projections Pseudopods is what they catch food witj
Pseudopods
Engulfs the food and creates a vacuole where the food is digested and absorbed into the cytoplasm
Paramecium
Unicellular
Live in water
Move around swiftly in water with hair life cilia
Catch food with cilia
Cilia
Oral groove uses cilia to sweep In food create food vacuole that is digusted and then aborted into the cytokines
Specialized cells
Most multicellular organisms are made up of specialized cells for
Are tissues are most organs made up of
Connective tissue nervous tissue muscle tissue and epithelial tissue
Connective tissue
Support and connects different parts of the body example bones fat cartilage and tendons in blood
Nervous tissue
Mix up the brain spinal cord and nerves
Epithelial tissue
Covers the surface of your body in the outside of your organs also lines the inside of some organs like the small instestine
Skin
Muscle tissue
Allows the body muscle to move cart lick muscle to pump blood and in test dine muscle to move food
Plant tissues
A plant has three main tissues 1. Phtosynthetic/storage 2. Protective 3.transport Xylem water and phloem food
The tissues in a leaf
1. Phtosynthetic/storage Uses sunlight to produce sugar as food 2. Protective Waterproof and protects plant 3.transport Tubelike cells with hollow centre
In a stem
1. Phtosynthetic/storage Support plant stores food 2. Protective Waterproof and protects plant 3.transport
In roots
1. Phtosynthetic/storage Stores food 2. Protective Absorbs water from the soil 3.transport Xylem and phloem are surrounds by circle of cells
Diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area where there are more of them to an area where there are fewer of them
Or
They fusion moves particles from a more concentrated area to a less concentrated area to even them out
Osmosis
Osmosis is die fusion with water
