Cells and Simple Cell Transport

Question 1

What are the typical features of animal cells?

Answer 1

• Nucleus
• Cytoplasm
• Ribosomes
• Mitochondria
• Cell membrane

Question 2

What is the function of the nucleus?

Answer 2

To control the cell’s activity and to contain the genetic information.

Question 3

What is the cytoplasm?

Answer 3

Where the chemical reactions in a cell take place.

Question 4

What does the cell membrane do?

Answer 4

It controls what goes in and out of the cell.

Question 5

What do the mitochondria do?

Answer 5

Respire.

Question 6

What do the ribosomes do?

Answer 6

Make proteins.

Question 7

What organelles does a plant cell have that an animal cell doesn’t have?

Answer 7

• Cell wall
• Permanent Vacuole
• Chloroplasts

Question 8

What does the cell wall do?

Answer 8

It supports and strengthens the cell.

Question 9

What is the cell wall made of?

Answer 9

Cellulose

Question 10

What does the permanent vacuole contain?

Answer 10

Sap.

Question 11

What is the function of the chloroplasts?

Answer 11

To absorb light for photosynthesis.

Question 12

What are chloroplasts filled with?

Answer 12

Chlorophyll.

Question 13

What organelles do yeast cells have?

Answer 13

• Cell membrane
• Cell wall
• Nucleus with genetic material
• Cytoplasm

Question 14

What organelles do bacterial cells have?

Answer 14

• Cell membrane
• Cell wall
• Cytoplasm
• Loose genetic material

Question 15

What is a specialised cell?

Answer 15

A cell that performs a specific function.

Question 16

What is the purpose of a sperm cell?

Answer 16

To fertilise an ovum.

Question 17

How are sperm cells adapted to their job?

Answer 17

• Flagella for swimming
• Streamlined shape
• Lots of mitochondria to allow for quick swimming.

Question 18

What is the function of an ovum?

Answer 18

To carry female DNA and to nourish a developing embryo.

Question 19

How are ova adapted to perform their job?

Answer 19

They contain huge food reserves.

Question 20

What is the function of a red blood cell?

Answer 20

To carry oxygen around the body.

Question 21

How are red blood cells adapted to their job?

Answer 21

• Biconcave shape to increase surface area.
• Packed with haemoglobin to absorb oxygen.
• No nucleus to make way for haemoglobin.

Question 22

What organelles do bacterial cells have?

Answer 22

• Cell membrane
• Cell wall
• Cytoplasm
• Loose genetic material

Question 23

What is a specialised cell?

Answer 23

A cell that performs a specific function.

Question 24

What is the purpose of a sperm cell?

Answer 24

To fertilise an ovum.

Question 25

How are sperm cells adapted to their job?

Answer 25

* Flagella for swimming * Streamlined shape * Lots of mitochondria to allow for quick swimming.

Question 26

What is the function of an ovum?

Answer 26

To carry female DNA and to nourish a developing embryo.

Question 27

How are ova adapted to perform their job?

Answer 27

They contain huge food reserves.

Question 28

What is the function of a red blood cell?

Answer 28

To carry oxygen around the body.

Question 29

How are red blood cells adapted to their job?

Answer 29

* Biconcave shape to increase surface area. * Packed with haemoglobin to absorb oxygen. * No nucleus to make way for haemoglobin.

Question 30

What is the function of the palisade leaf cell?

Answer 30

To photosynthesise.

Question 31

What is the distribution of chloroplasts like in a palisade leaf cell?

Answer 31

They have a lot of chloroplasts which are concentrated in the top of the cell so that they can get sunlight easily.

Question 32

How are palisade leaf cells adapted to perform their task?

Answer 32

* Lots of chloroplasts * Tall to increase surface area for Carbon Dioxide absorption. * Thin so that a lot can fit in the top of the leaf.

Question 33

What is diffusion?

Answer 33

The spreading out of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Question 34

In what two states of matter can diffusion take place in? Why?

Answer 34

Liquids and gases because the particles in them are free to move.

Question 35

How do cells use diffusion?

Answer 35

To move dissolved substances in and out of cells.

Question 36

Name four molecules that are small enough to fit through a cell membrane.

Answer 36

* Oxygen * Glucose * Amino acids * Water

Question 37

Name two molecules that are too big to fit through a cell membrane.

Answer 37

Starch and protein.

Question 38

How can one increase the rate of diffusion into a cell?

Answer 38

Increase the concentration of molecules around the cell.

Question 39

How can one increase the rate of diffusion out of a cell?

Answer 39

By decreasing the concentration of molecules around the cell.