(An)Aerobic Respiration Flashcards
What is respiration?
The process of releasing energy from glucose which happens in every cell of every organism.
What cell organelle carries out respiration?
Mitochondria
What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
What are four uses of energy from respiration?
1) Building larger molecules from smaller molecules
2) Muscle contraction
3) Keeping body temperature steady in mammals and birds
4) Plants build sugars, nitrates and others into amino acids which are made into proteins
What are two effects of exercise on the body?
- Increases breathing rate and volume
* Increased heart rate and therein blood flow
What three factors are affected by fitness levels?
- Having a low resting heart rate
- Having a lower heart rate increase during exercise
- Having a shorter recovery period
What is glycogen?
The stores form of glucose kept in the liver and muscles.
What happens to glycogen during exercise?
It is reverted back into glucose for respiration.
What is anaerobic respiration?
The incomplete breakdown of glucose to produce energy an lactic acid in the absence of oxygen.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?
Glucose -> energy + lactic acid
What is an advantage and a disadvantage of anaerobic respiration?
+Enables us to keep using our muscles for longer periods of time
-Doesn’t release nearly as much energy compared to aerobic respiration
What is the effect of lactic acid on muscles?
It causes them to fatigue
How is lactic acid removed from the body?
Blood flow washes it away
What is an oxygen debt?
Something that it built up while exercising. After anaerobic respiration you need to catch up on the oxygen you didn’t get earlier to oxidise the lactic acid into carbon dioxide and water.
