Cells and Organs of the Immune System

Question 1

Eosinophils are important for host defence against ___________ and may be involved in ________ reactions

Answer 1

parasites

allergic reactions

Question 2

Neutrophils circulate in the bloodstream looking for foreign objects to _________ and ________
degrade (e.g., bacteria)

Answer 2

phagocytose

Question 3

The number of circulating neutrophils is estimated using the _________

Answer 3

absolute neutrophil count (ANC)

Question 4

Neutrophilia

Question 5

Neutropenia

Question 6

Granulocytes can be identified by expression of _________ (immature state) and ________ (activated state);

Answer 6

CD16, CD34

CD11b/CD18

Question 7

Additionally, activated basophils can be identified by CD13/Aminopeptidase N, CD107a/LAMP1 or CD164; eosinophils by CD44, CD69, IL-5, and neutrophils by CD16, L-selectin, MPO

Question 8

Where are mast cells generated?

Answer 8

bone marrow

Question 9

connective tissue mast cells are involved with

Answer 9

local allergic reaction

Question 10

mucosal mast cells

Question 11

Macrophages also have important non-immune functions, such as ___________, like red blood cells

Answer 11

recycling dead cells

Question 12

Which cells contain granules, which are filled with proteins that can form holes in the target cell and also cause apoptosis

(programmed cell death)

Answer 12

Natural killer cells

Question 13

One subpopulation of NK cells that has features of both innate and adaptive immunity

Answer 13

NKT cells

Question 14

Dentritic cells

Answer 14

Specialized sentinel cells that constantly sense and respond to their immediate environment

Question 15

All dentritic cells are hematopoietic bone marrow-derived cells, although they undergo maturation in either, the bone marrow, lymphoid, or non-lymphoid tissues

Question 16

Cells crucial to bridging the innate and adaptive immunity

Answer 16

Dendritic cells

Question 17

Upon exposure and uptake of pathogens, maturing DCs travel to __________________ where they become potent __________

Answer 17

secondary lymphoid organs

T cell activators

Question 18

plasmacytoid dendritic cells have the ability to secrete large amounts of ________ upon activation through ______ and ______

Answer 18

type I interferons
TLR7
TLR9

Question 19

Cells responsible for generating antibodies to specific antigens

Answer 19

B Cells

Question 20

Antibodies coat the surface of a pathogen and serve what three major roles?

Answer 20

Neutralization
Opsonization
Complement activation

Question 21

In opsonization, an antibody-bound pathogen serves to…

Answer 21

alert macrophages

Question 22

Complement activation is a process for directly __________ or ___________ e.g., bacteria

Answer 22

directly destroying or lysing pathogens