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Phase 1 week 1 - the skin > Cells and organelles > Flashcards

Cells and organelles Flashcards

1
Q

What is the plasma membrane made up of?

A

Phosphilipid bilayer

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2
Q

What do integral membrane proteins allow?

A

The transport of small molecules across the membrane

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3
Q

What do membrane receptors do?

A

They interact with ligands to initiate a cascade of chemical signals

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4
Q

What is DNA packed as in the nucleus?

A

Chromatin

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5
Q

What structure is bound by a double membrane

A

Nucleus

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6
Q

What supports the nucleus’ membrane?

A

Lamins

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7
Q

What are the 2 functions of mitochondria

A

Site of ATP synthesis and release cytochrome C to induce apoptosis

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8
Q

What organ does mitochondrial dysfunction effect most?

A

Brain

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9
Q

What process occurs at the rough ER

A

protein synthesis

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10
Q

What process occurs at smooth ER

A

Calcium storage and lipid synthesis

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11
Q

What is the function of the golgi

A

To sort proteins

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12
Q

Why do lysosomes have an impermeable membrane?

A

Because they contain hydrolytic enzymes

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13
Q

What disease does lysosome dysfunction cause?

A

Tay-Sachs disease

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14
Q

What is the function of the cytoskeleton

A

Supports the plasma membrane

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15
Q

What are the 3 filaments of the cytoskeleton

A

Microtubules, intermediate filaments and microfilaments

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16
Q

Give an example of microtubule

A

Cillia and flagellum

17
Q

What disease is caused by a defect in cillia

A

Kategeners disease

18
Q

What is the function of anchoring junctions

A

Provide mechanical stabiulity to groups of epithelial cells

19
Q

What does an adherens junction join

A

Cell to actin

20
Q

What does a desmosome junction join

A

intermediate filament to cell

21
Q

What does a hemidesmosome junction join

A

intermediate filament to ECM

22
Q

What can a defective anchoring junction cause?

A

Cancer

23
Q

What does a tight junction allow

A

cell to cell contact

24
Q

What does a tight junction prevent

A

Prevents the mixing of membrane proteins and the diffusion if molecules between adjacent cells by creating a barrier

25
Q

What do GAP junctions allow

A

The passage of small molecules

26
Q

Where are GAP junctions found

A

In most cells

27
Q

What do GAP junctions connect?

A

The cytoplasm with adjacent cells

Phase 1 week 1 - the skin (7 decks)

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