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Biology > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

Eukaryotic Cells

A

Large, complex structures which are nucleated cells with membrane-bound organelles (either multi or unicellular)

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2
Q

Prokaryotic Cells

A

Small, simple structures which are not nucleated and do not contain membrane-bound organelles (unicellular)

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3
Q

Endosymbiotic Theory

A

Eukaryotic cells derive from prokaryotic cells

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4
Q

Endosymbiotic Theory proof (3 things)

A

Mitochondria/Chloroplasts (eukaryotic organelles) are the same size as prokaryotic cells

They all divide through binary fission

They share a similar DNA structure

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5
Q

Endosymbiotic Theory process

A

Mitochondria and cytoplasts are believed to evolve from large prokaryotes engulfing small bacteria

Instead of killing it, the two prokaryotes began to live in harmony, symbiosis

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6
Q

Nucleus

A

Eukaryotic - Command centre

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7
Q

Lysosome

A

Eukaryotic - Waste

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8
Q

Peroxisome

A

Eukaryotic - Enzymes

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9
Q

Centriole

A

Animal - Cell division

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10
Q

Mitochondrion

A

Eukaryotic - Powerhouse (energy) + Aerobic respiration

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11
Q

Cell membrane

A

All - Protection + Filter wall

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12
Q

Cytoplasm

A

All - Supports organelles + Maintains shape

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13
Q

Ribosome

A

All - Protein production via decoding RNA

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14
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

Eukaryotic - Lipid and Steroid synthesis

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15
Q

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

Eukaryotic - Protein synthesis

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16
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Eukaryotic - Factory (modifies, sorts, and packages proteins)

17
Q

Central vacuole

A

Plant - Storage

18
Q

Plasmodesmata

A

Plant - Communication

19
Q

Chloroplast

A

Plant - Photosynthesis

20
Q

Cell wall

A

Plant/Bacteria - Protection

21
Q

Fimbriae/Flagella/Pilus

A

Bacteria - Movement

22
Q

Nucleoid

A

Bacteria - Command centre

23
Q

Plasmid

A

Bacteria - Transfer of genetic material

24
Q

Plastids

A

Plant - Synthesis and Storage of chemical compounds

Biology (6 decks)

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