Cells

Question 1

What is the function of a lysosome?

Answer 1

Contains digestive enzymes called lysozyme to break down or digest unwanted components or invading cells

Question 2

What is the function of a ribosome?

Answer 2

The site where proteins are made

Question 3

What is the function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 3

The site where proteins are folded and processed from the ribosomes

Question 4

Function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 4

Synthesis and processes lipids

Question 5

Function of the cell wall

Answer 5

Cell wall in plant, fungal and algal cells will be for rigid structure to keep shape

Question 6

Function of the cell vacuole

Answer 6

Keep the shape of the cell and is the storage of unwanted chemicals and separation of chemical reactants

Question 7

Cell surface membrane function

Answer 7

Controls the movement of substances in and out of cells, has receptors on the surface to respond to hormones and chemicals

Question 8

The function of the nucleus and what it contains (organelles)

Answer 8

Nucleus is made up of a nuclear envelope, chromatin (proteins and DNA) and nucleolus. The nucleus controls the cells activities and contains instructions for synthesis of substances.
Nucleolus will make ribosomes

Question 9

Function of mitochondria

Answer 9

Mitochondria will be the site of aerobic respiration containing crista and matrix

Question 10

Function of the chloroplast

Answer 10

The site of photosynthesis contains the grana, lamellae and stroma. Stroma is liquid in chloroplast, grana is stacked up membranes for surface area, lamellae connect the grana together more membrane

Question 11

Function of Golgi apparatus

Answer 11

Processes and packages new lipids and proteins

Question 12

Vesicles function

Answer 12

Stores lipids and proteins made by the Golgi apparatus

Question 13

Function of red blood cells

Answer 13

Carry oxygen

Question 14

How are sperm cells adapted for its function

Answer 14

Sperm cells have a lot of mitochondria to produce ATP which will be able to make it move towards the egg cell

Question 15

Function of epithelial cell and adaptations

Answer 15

Very high surface area from villi and microvilli and mitochondria for movement of substances

Question 16

Function of flagellum

Answer 16

This will allow the bacteria to move

Question 17

Differences between the DNA in bacteria to eukaryotes

Answer 17

The DNA in bacteria will float around and it is a single strand without any proteins and will not have a nucleus. Some have plasmids which are extra DNA easily pasted on

Question 18

What 3 things are in place for bacteria to be protected

Answer 18

The cell membrane, cell wall made of murein, and a capsule of slime textured liquid, the murein is a glycoprotein

Question 19

What type of ribosomes do bacteria have and what relative size and they to eukaryotes

Answer 19

70s ribosomes which are smaller compared to the 80s ribosomes on the eukaryotes

Question 20

Explain how binary fission of bacteria will produce two daughter cells which same genetics

Answer 20

The one stranded DNA of the bacteria will be replicated and if there are any plasmids they will too, cell size increases and the two DNA strands will move to opposite poles, cytoplasm started to divide to form two new cells and new cell wall begins to form, cytokinesis completes and the two daughter cells are produced with identical copies of DNA but may vary in number of copies of plasmids

Question 21

What is a virus and what does it contain

Answer 21

A virus is an acellular dead organism, it is made up of nucleic acid surrounded by proteins. The core genetic material can be either DNA or RNA, it’s in a protein coat called the capsid with some attachment proteins on the surface to let them cling to host cells

Question 22

Viral replication

Answer 22

Absorption
Penetration
Replication
Assembly 
Maturation
Release