Cells

Question 1

What are living organisms made of

Answer 1

Cells

Question 2

Describe the difference in structure between typical animal and plant cells

Answer 2

• No cell wall in animal cell
• No chloroplast in animal cell
• Small vacuole in cytoplasm; do not contain cell sap (animal cell)

Question 3

What are the functions of cell membrane?

Answer 3

• Controls movements in and out (substance) such as glucose

- Keep contents inside the cell

Question 4

Functions of nucleus

Answer 4

It controls how cells develop

Question 5

What is the function of cytoplasm?

Answer 5

Chemical reactions e.g respiration/making proteins for the cell.

Question 6

Function of chloroplast

Answer 6

photosynthesis/stores starch.

Question 7

Function of cell wall

Answer 7

Stop cell from bursting

Question 8

What are the purpose of red blood cells and its shape?

Answer 8

• To supply and transport oxygen and to get rid of carbon dioxide.
• Provides a large surface area which makes for efficient absorption of oxygen.

Question 9

What do the red blood cells contain?

Answer 9

Hemoglobin which are molecules of protein and iron.

Question 10

Functions of root hair cells

Answer 10

• Long extension that give them a large surface area to absorb water and ions from the soil.

Question 11

What do the cilia do in the airways and oviducts?

Answer 11

Airways: cilia move the mucus that traps dust and pathogens up to the nose and throat
Oviducts: cilia move the egg from the ovary to the uterus.

Question 12

What are nerve cells and function of it?

Answer 12

Highly specialized cells - to transmit information in the form of nerve impulses around the body

Question 13

Define diffusion

Answer 13

The net movement of molecules from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration down a concentration gradient

Question 14

List the factors affect the diffusion rate

Answer 14

• Distance
• Concentration gradient
• Surface area
• Temperature-molecules move faster-collide more

Question 15

Define osmosis

Answer 15

The diffusion of water down a water potential gradient, through a partially permeable membrane

Question 16

Describe osmosis in plant cells in distilled water

Answer 16

• Water enter cell- lower water concentration gradient
• water molecules diffuse in
• cells swell up
• cell walls stop bursting(turgidity)

Question 17

Describe the importance of osmosis in the uptake of water by plants

Answer 17

Water enter the root hair cells by osmosis, up the stem into the rest of the plant. During photosynthesis, osmotic pressure cause the stomata to open-absorb the carbon dioxide