Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Mid Term > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

1
Q

Plasma

A

forms the outer boundary of cells

Maintains integrity of cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Proteins are Enzymes that

A

Metabolic reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lymphoid system

A

Recognize self and none self cells

A distinction essential in fighting pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Selective permeable membrane

A

Only certain substance to enter cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The interior of cell liquid between plasma and nucleus aka cystol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Organelles

A

Little Organs surrounded by cystol distinguished by shape size structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Nucleus

A

The center off cell largest organelle surround by double layer nuclear envelope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nuclear envelope

A

Containing numerous pores that allow the movement of materials between nucleus and cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chromosomes

A

Holds DNA and proteins forms chromatin granules when cell is not dividing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Nucleolus
Nucleus
Nuclear envelope

A

: Proteins moving out wards towards nuclear pore
: center of cell home of DNA egg shaped structure surrounded by nuclear envelope
: containing numerous pores to allow movement of materials

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ribosomes

A

RNA and proteins witch are performed in nucleolus before migrating into the cytoplasm protein synthesis in cells
Location endoplasmic reticulum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Endoplasmic recticulum

A

ER membrane provide some support for the cytoplasm and form a network of channels that facilitate the movement of materials with in cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Rough endoplasmic

A

Numerous ribosomes located on the outer surface of the membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Smooth endoplasmic

A

Lacks ribosomes and serves a sight for synthesis for lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Golgi

A

Produces mucus, packing and shipping, vesicles little tiny membranous sacs that carry substance from place to place within cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Vesicles

A

Transport substances from place to place in a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Secretory vesicles

A

Transport materials out side towards the out side of cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Golgi complex has two types of

A

Vesicles

Secretory vesicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Mitochondrion

A

Are relatively large organelles that are characterized by having folds internal membrane surrounded by smooth external membranes
Internal has membranes folds called cristae
Enzymes for aerobic respiration power house

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Mitochondrial

A

Small amount of DNA account for less then 2 percents of actual body’s DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Lysosomes

A

Formed by Golgi pled small vesicles contain digestive enzymes, fight off bacteria clean
Out cell fix cell that need replacement or have become damaged

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Cytoskeleton

A

Microtubules long thin protein tubules that provide support for the cell and are involved in the movement of and organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Microfilaments

A

Are tiny rods of contractile protein that not only support the cell but also play in cell movement and cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Centriols

A

Are two cylinders that are located near the nucleus are oriented at right angles to each other
9 triplets form a wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Cilia

A

Short hair like projections from cells in the respiratory system and reproductive tracts

26
Q

Flagella

A

Are long whip like projections found in Sperm

27
Q

Microvilli

A

Are extensions of the plasma membrane That are smaller and more numerous

28
Q

What contains microtubles

A

cilia and flagella

29
Q

What are the difference between mitochondria , nucleolus , Golgi complex and rough endoplasmic reticulum

A

MC: power house Relatively large organelles having a folded internal membrane surrounded by smooth external membrane
Necleus: contains DNA and RNA largest organelle
Golgi complex: produces mucus package and shipping
ER: makes a support system for cytoplasm and form network of channels that facilitate movement of materials, has ribosomes

30
Q

What organelles enable cell movement or movement of substance along free surface

A

Cilia with small hair like projections

31
Q

Compare the mechanism of passive and active transport of substance across the plasma membrane

A

Passive transport : does not require expenditure of ATP

Active Transport: requires the cell to expend ATP

32
Q

Passive transport three different types

A

Diffusion osmosis filtration

33
Q

Diffusion

A

Is the net move of a substance moving from a higher concentration to and area of lower concentration

34
Q

Osmosis

A

The passage of water

35
Q

Simple diffusion

A

Lipids Able to diffuse across plasma membrane because they can devolve phospholipid molecule on plasma membrane

36
Q

Carrier medicated diffusion ,

Channel medicated diffusion

A

CM: used to carry proteins
CM:facilitated transport across the membrane

37
Q

Effect of tonicity on Human red blood cells

A

Hypotonic solution: Swelling of the cell
Isotonic: remains the same
Hypertonic: cell will shrink

38
Q

Endocytosis , exocytosis

A

Endocytosis: when cell engulfs or internalize particles pinocytosis droplets of fluid ,
Phagocytosis solid particle
Exocytosis: remove large substance from cell secretory vessel contains the substance forms with in cell

39
Q

By what means do substance enter and exit living cells

A

Endocytosis , exocytosis

40
Q

Describe Cellular respiration and its importance.

A

Breaks down nutrients in cells to release energy held in their chemical bonds and transfers some of this energy into the high energy phosphate bonds ATP

41
Q

Cellular respiration

A

Anaerobic and aerobic respiration

Is the process that breaks down nutrients in the cells to release energy held in their chemical bonds

42
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

Does not require oxygen occurs in cytosol breaks down 6 carbon glucose molecule into three carbon pyruvic acid molecules to make to ATP molecules

43
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

Occurs in mitochondria requires oxygen and yields a net of 34-36 ATP requires oxygen second part of cellular respiration transfer energy to high phosphate bonds of ATP Glucose yield net 36-38 ATP

44
Q

Protein

A

Formed of a long chain of amino acids

45
Q

Protein synthesis

A

Placing the correct acid on a specific part of the chain

DNA RNA are intimately involved

46
Q

DNA

A

Two coiled strands of nucleotides joined by hydrogen bonds

ATCG

47
Q

RNA

A

Single strand of nucleotides

UAAT

48
Q

Three types of RNA

A

Messenger MRNA: carries the genetic information from DNA
Ribosomal rRNA: protein composed ribosomes the site of synthesis
Transfer RNA: Carries amino acids to the ribosomes where the amino acids form protein

49
Q

Two types of protein synthesis

A

Transcription: witch occurs in the nucleus
Translation: takes place in the cytoplasm

50
Q

How does DNA determine structure for proteins

A

A sequence of 3 nucleotides bases in DNA encodes for a specific amino acid
ACA: codes for protein
AGG: encodes for serine

51
Q

Cell division

A

Cells can replicated

52
Q

Two types of cell division

A

Mitotic: when a parent cell divide to make two daughter cells
Meiotic: only occurs in the production of ova and sperm

53
Q

Four process in mitotic cell division

A

Prophase, metaphase , anaphase , telophase

54
Q

Interphase

A

Defined as the phase when the cell is not involved in mitosis

55
Q

Mitotic phases

And mitosis

A

Prophase
Anaphase
Telophase

56
Q

Prophase

A

The chromosome coil, appearing first as thread like structures and finally shortening sufficiently to become rod shaped

57
Q

Spindle

A

Formed between the migrating centrioles

58
Q

Metaphase

A

Replicated chromosome line up at the equator of the spindle

59
Q

Anaphase

A

Separation of centromeres results in the separation of the paired chromatids

60
Q

Telophase

A

The spindle fibers disassemble and new nuclear envelope starts forming around each set of chromosome as the new nuclei begin to take shape

61
Q

Cytokinesis

A

Is characterized by furrow that forms in the plasma , and happens in anaphase and telophase

Mid Term (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions