Cells

Question 1

ROBERT HOOKE

Answer 1

DISCOVERED THE FIRST “CELL” IN A CORK

Question 2

ANON VAN LEEUWENHOEK

Answer 2

SCIENTIST WHO DISCOVERED ORGANISMS FOUND INSIDE PEOPLE’S MOUTHS; HE LOOKED AT BACTERIA

Question 3

CELL THEORY

Answer 3

FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPT OF BIOLOGY

Question 4

STEPS TO THE CELL THEORY

Answer 4

1. ALL LIVING THINGS ARE MADE UP OF CELLS
2. CELLS ARE THE BASIC UNIT OF STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN LIVING THINGS
3. NEW CELLS ARE PRODUCED FROM PRE EXISTING CELLS; HAPPENS THROUGH MITOSIS, CELL DIVISION

Question 5

LIGHT MICROSCOPE

Answer 5

A TYPE OF MICROSCOPE THAT USES LIGHT TO LOOK AT THINGS UP CLOSE; NEEDS CELL STAINS TO SEE THROUGH LIGHT MICROSCOPE

Question 6

ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

Answer 6

A TYPE OF MICROSCOPE THAT USES ELECTRONS TO SEE UP CLOSE; THERE ARE 2 TYPES OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPES; TRANSMISSION AND SCANNING

Question 7

TRANSMISSION MICROSCOPE

Answer 7

A TYPE OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPE THAT IS USED TO LOOK AT TINY PARTS; PRODUCES 2D IMAGE

Question 8

SCANNING MICROSCOPE

Answer 8

A TYPE OF ELECTRON MICROSCOPE THAT SCANS SURFACE OF PARTS; PROVIDES 3D IMAGE

Question 9

EUKARYOTES

Answer 9

CELLS THAT ENCLOSE TEHIR DNA IN THE NUCLEI; HAS A NUCLEUS; IN PLANT AND ANIMAL CELLS; IS COMPLEX

Question 10

PROKARYOTES

Answer 10

CELLS THAT DO NOT ENCLOSE TEHRI DNA IN THE NUCLEI; DOES NOT HAVE NUCLEUS; IS SIMPLE; IS IN BACTERIA

Question 11

COLONY

Answer 11

WHEN BACTERIA GROWS IN A GROUP

Question 12

AUTOTROPHIC

Answer 12

ANY ORGANISM THAT MAKES ITS OWN FOOD; USES SUN TO OBTAIN ENERGY

Question 13

CYANOBACTERIA

Answer 13

BLUE-GREEN ALGAE; USES SUN TO OBTAIN ENERGY

Question 14

CHEMOTROPHIC

Answer 14

ORGANISM THAT USES CHEMICALS TO TO OBTAIN ENERGY

Question 15

HETEROTROPH

Answer 15

AN ORGANISM THAT EATS ORGANIC MATTER TO OBTAIN ENERGY

Question 16

EXTREMOPHILES

Answer 16

ORGANISMS THAT LIVE IN CRAZY ENVIRONMENTS, SUCH AS SALTY, ACIDIC, COLD, HOT, ETC.

Question 17

VIRUSES

Answer 17

INFECTIONS THAT AREN’T MADE UP OF CELLS; SMALLER THAN BACTERIA

Question 18

PASSIVE TRANSPORT

Answer 18

ANY TRANSPORT THAT DOES NOT USE ENERGY

Question 19

ACTIVE TRANSPORT

Answer 19

ANY TRANSPORT THAT USES ENERGY

Question 20

DIFFUSION

Answer 20

A TYPE OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT WHERE PARTICLES MOVE FROM HIGH CONCENTRATION TO LOW CONCENTRATION

Question 21

FACILITATED DIFFUSION

Answer 21

A TYPE OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT WHERE A MOLECULE CANNOT DIFFUSE ON ITS OWN; FACILITATED DIFFUSION HELPS MOLECULES

Question 22

OSMOSIS

Answer 22

A TYPE OF PASSIVE TRANSPORT THAT IS ALSO A TYPE OF FACILITATED DIFFUSION; ITS A DIFFUSION OF WATER

Question 23

CONCENTRATION GRADIENT

Answer 23

THE WAY MOLECULES WANT TO FLOW; REQUIRES ENERGY, CANNOT MOVE ON ITS OWN

Question 24

PERMEABLE

Answer 24

SOMETHING THAT CAN GO THROUGH A CELL MEMBRANE

Question 25

ENDOCYTOSIS

Answer 25

A TYPE OF ACTIVE TRANSPORT; WHEN A CELL FOLDS THE MEMBRANE TO FORM A VESICLE

Question 26

EXOCYTOSIS

Answer 26

ANOTHER TYPE OF ACTIVE TRANSPORT; WHEN VESICLE MERGES WITH THE MEMBRANE AND RELEASES STUFF OUT

Question 27

PROTEIN PUMPS

Answer 27

LAST TYPE OF ACTIVE TRANSPORT; TAKES ENERGY AND PUMPS WHAT IS BEING MOVED AGAINST CONCENTRATION GRADIENT

Question 28

ISOTONIC

Answer 28

WHEN THE CONCENTRATION IS THE SAME ON BOTH SIDES OF THE MEMBRANE; SAME STRENGTH

Question 29

HYPERTONIC

Answer 29

A STATE OF ABNORMALLY HIGH TENSION; ABOVE STRENGTH

Question 30

HYPOTONIC

Answer 30

A STATE OF ABNORMALLY LOW TENSION; BELOW STRENGTH

Question 31

HYDROPHOBIC

Answer 31

SOMETHING THAT HATES WATER

Question 32

HYDROPHILIC

Answer 32

SOMETHING THAT LOVES WATER

Question 33

RECEPTORS

Answer 33

PARTS OF CELLS THAT RECEIVE CHEMICAL SIGNALS FROM ANOTHER CELL; CELLS SPEAK THROUGH RECEPTORS

Question 34

A AND a

Answer 34

TWO MATING TYPES OF YEAST

Question 35

QUORUM SENSING

Answer 35

A PROCESS THAT ALLOWS BACTERIA TO BETTER SENSE LOCAL POPULATION DENSITY

Question 36

CELL JUNCTIONS

Answer 36

ALLOWS MOLECULES TO PASS BETWEEN ADJACENT CELLS WITHOUT CROSSING THE PLASMA MEMBRANE

Question 37

CELL-CELL RECOGNITION

Answer 37

WHEN 2 CELLS IN AN ANIMAL MAY COMMUNICATE BY INTERACTIONS BETWEEN MOLECULES PROTRUDING FROM THEIR SURFACE

Question 38

GROWTH FACTOR

Answer 38

SOMETHING THAT STIMULATES NEARBY TARGET CELLS TO GROW AND DIVIDE

Question 39

SYNAPTIC SIGNALING

Answer 39

OCCURS IN THE ANIMAL NERVOUS SYSTEM WHEN A NEUROTRANSMITTER IN RESPONSE TO AN ELECTRIC SIGNAL

Question 40

HORMONES

Answer 40

CHEMICALS THAT PLANTS AND ANIMALS USE DURING LONG DISTANCE SIGNALING

Question 41

RECEPTION

Answer 41

WHEN A CELL DETECTS A SIGNALING MOLECULE FROM THE OUTSIDE OF THE CELL

Question 42

TRANSDUCTION

Answer 42

THE PROCESS BY WHICH A VIRUS TRANSFERS GENETIC MATERIAL FROM ONE BACTERIUM TO ANOTHER.

Question 43

RESPONSE

Answer 43

THE RESPONSE OF A LIVING TISSUE OR ORGANISM TO A STIMULUS.