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cells Flashcards

1
Q

It is made of protein and RNA

A

RIBOSOMES

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2
Q

Sites of protein synthesis

A

RIBOSOMES

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3
Q

Found at two locations, free in the cytoplasm

A

RIBOSOMES

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4
Q

It is attached to rough endoplasmic reticulum.

A

RIBOSOMES

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5
Q

Material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane.

A

CYTOPLASM

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6
Q

Fluid that suspends other elements

A

CYTOSOL

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7
Q

Metabolic machinery of the cell.

A

ORGANELLES

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8
Q

Non-functioning units.

A

INCLUSIONS

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9
Q

Carry out all chemical activities needed to sustain life.

A

CELLS

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10
Q

Building blocks of all living things.

A

CELLS

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11
Q

Groups of cells that are similar in structure and function.

A

TISSUES

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12
Q

ANATOMY OF THE CELLS

A
  • Cells are not all the same.
  • All cells share general structures.
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13
Q

What are the three main regions of the cells?

A

Nucleus, Cytoplasm, and Plasma Membrane.

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14
Q

Control center of the cell.

A

NUCLEUS

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15
Q

Contains genetic material (DNA)

A

NUCLEUS

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16
Q

What are the regions of Nucleus?

A

Nuclear Membrane, Nucleolus, Chromatin.

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17
Q

Barrier of nucleus.

A

NUCLEAR MEMBRANE

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18
Q

Consists of double phospholipid membrane.

A

NUCLEAR MEMBRANE

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19
Q

Contain nuclear pores that allow for exchange of material with the rest of the cell.

A

NUCLEAR MEMBRANE

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20
Q

Contains one or more nucleoli.

A

NUCLEUS

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21
Q

Sites of ribosome production.

A

NUCLEOLI

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22
Q

Ribosomes migrate to the cytoplasm through what? And where is it located?

A

Nuclear pores, in NUCLEAR MEMBRANE.

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23
Q

Composed of DNA and protein.

A

CHROMATIN

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24
Q

Scattered throughout the nucleus.

A

CHROMATIN

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25
Q

Condenses to form chromosomes when the cell divides.

A

CHROMATIN

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26
Q

Barrier for cell contents.

A

PLASMA MEMBRANE

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27
Q

Consist of double phospholipid layer.

A

PLASMA MEMBRANE

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28
Q

The polar head of phospholipid molecule that are “water loving”, attracted to water.

A

HYDROPHILIC HEADS.

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29
Q

Nonpolar fatty acid “tails,” (water fearing), avoid water and line up in the center (interior) of the membrane.

A

HYDROPHOBIC TAILS.

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30
Q

Allowing certain substances to pass through it but not others, especially allowing the passage of a solvent but not of certain solutes.

A

SEMI PERMEABLE

31
Q

Materials in Plasma Membrane.

A

Protein, Cholesterol, and Glycoproteins.

32
Q

Consists of enzymes. A receptor for hormones. Binding sites. And transport functions.

33
Q

Determines the blood type.

A

GLYCOPROTEINS.

34
Q

2 PLASMA MEMBRANE SPECIALIZATIONS

A

Microvili and Membrane Junctions.

35
Q

Finger-like projections that increase surface area for absorption.

36
Q

TYPES OF MEMBRANE JUNCTIONS

A

Tight Junctions, Desmosomes, and Gap Junctions.

37
Q

CHARACTERISTICS OF TIGHT JUNCTIONS.

A

Impermeable
Binds cells
Leak proof

38
Q

Anchoring junctions.

A

DESMOSOMES

39
Q

Allows communication and a passage for molecules.

A

GAP JUNCTIONS

40
Q

Material outside the nucleus and inside the plasma membrane.

41
Q

Ribosome can be found in which two locations?

A

CYTOPLASM AND ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

42
Q

Fluid-filled tubules for carrying substances.

A

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)

43
Q

TWO TYPES OF ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

A

Rough and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

44
Q

TWO TYPES OF ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

A

Rough and Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

45
Q

Studded with ribosomes and site where building materials of cellular membrane are formed.

A

ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

46
Q

Functions in cholesterol syntesis and breakdown fat metabolism, and detoxification of drugs.

A

SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

47
Q

Contains enzymes that digest nonusable materials.

48
Q

Membranous sacs of oxidase enzymes.

A

PEROXISOMES

49
Q

Detoxify harmful substances.

A

PEROXISOMES

50
Q

Breakdown free radicals (highly reactive chemicals)

A

PEROXISOMES

51
Q

Replicate by pinching in half.

A

PEROXISOMES

52
Q

Powerhouse of the cell.

A

MITOCHONDRIA

53
Q

Change shape continuously.

A

MITOCHONDRIA

54
Q

Carry out reactions where oxygen is used to breakdown food.

A

MITOCHONDRIA

55
Q

Provides ATP for cellular energy.

A

MITOCHONDRIA

56
Q

Transport vesicles of the cell.

A

GOLGI APPARATUS

57
Q

Modify and package protein.

A

GOLGI APPARATUS

58
Q

Network of protein structures that extend throughout the cytoplasm.

A

CYTOSKELETON

59
Q

Provides the cell with an internal framework.

A

CYTOSKELETON

60
Q

THREE DIFFERENT TYPES OF CYTOSKELETON:

A

Microfilaments, Intermediate Filaments, and Microtubules.

61
Q

Rod-shaped bodies made of microtubules.

A

CENTRIOLES

62
Q

Direct formation of mitotic spindle during cell division.

A

CENTRIOLES

63
Q

Not found in all cells.

A

CELL PROJECTIONS

64
Q

Used for movement.

A

CELL PROJECTIONS

65
Q

Moves materials across the cell surface.

66
Q

Propels the cell.

67
Q

CELLS THAT CONNECT BODY PARTS:

A

Fibroblast and Erythrocyte

68
Q

CELLS THAT COVER AND LINE BODY ORGANS:

A

Epithelial Cell

69
Q

CELLS THAT MOVE ORGANS AND BODY PARTS

A

Skeletal Muscle Cell and Smooth Muscle Cell

70
Q

CELLS THAT STORE NUTRIENTS:

71
Q

CELLS THAT FIGHTS DISEASE:

A

Macrophage Cell

72
Q

CELLS THAT GATHER INFORMATION AND CONTROL BODY FUNCTIONS:

A

Nerve cell

73
Q

CELLS OF REPRODUCTION:

A

Ovum and Sperm

74
Q

Specialized for paticular functions.

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