Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Algae and Fungi proktaryoted or eukaryotic

A

They can be both

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Golgi vesicles

A

stores lipids and proteins made by the golgi and transports them out of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Lysosome

A

Contains lysozymes that digest invading cells and or break down worn out components of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ribosomes

A

Site of protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

RER

A

Folds and processes proteins that have been made at their ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SER

A

Synthesises and processes lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cell wall

A

supports cell and prevents them changing shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

vacuole

A

maintains pressure inside the cell and keeps the call rigid stops plants witling. isolates unwanted chemicals inside the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

processes and packages new lipids and proteins and makes lysosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

chloroplasts

A

site of photosynthesis happens in the stroma or the grana

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

mitochondrion

A

site of aerobic respiration where ATP is produced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Nucleus

A

contains DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

nucleus pores

A

allow subtances to move between nucleus and cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

nucleolus

A

makes ribosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

cell membrane

A

regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell. has receptor molecules that allow it to respond to hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the cell walls of fungi made from

A

Chitin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What makes up the cell walls of plants

A

Cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What makes up the cell walls of algae

A

Cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What 3 things are in mitocondria

A

Outer membrane
Cristae (inner membrane)
Matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Are viruses living or non living

A

Non living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Why are viruses non living

A

They have no cell membrane or mitochondria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How do viruses reproduce

A

They need a host cell to insert their genetic material into to reproduce

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what does a slime capsule do

A

Provides protection for the cell

24
Q

plasmids

A

contain genes for things like antibiotic resistance

25
Q

flagellum

A

for movement

26
Q

capsid

A

provides protection

27
Q

attachment proteins

A

bind to receptors of host cells

28
Q

resolution

A

the ability to see the difference between to different points

29
Q

magnification

A

measure of how many times bigger an imagine is than the actual object

30
Q

what’s an optical microscope

A

light microscope

31
Q

what is a TEM

A

transmission electron microscope

32
Q

what is a SEM

A

scanning electron microscope

33
Q

what’s an artefact

A

what is left over from the preparation process (microscopes)

34
Q

how do TEMs work

A

electrons are transmitted through the specimen from a beam of electrons which is focused by electromagnets

35
Q

how are the images different colours on TEMS

A

denser parts absorb electrons which makes them look darker

36
Q

TEMs specimens and how they appear

A

thin specimens, they look 2D but had high resolution

37
Q

how do SEMs work

A

beam of electrons is scanned across the specimen which is gathered at the cathode ray tube to form an image

38
Q

SEMs specimens

A

thick specimens but have lower resolution and 3D images

39
Q

what do SEMs and TEMs both have in common

A

used under a vacuum
dead samples
no colour
artefacts

40
Q

three steps of cell fractionation

A

Homogenisation
Filtration
Centrifugation

41
Q

Homogenisation steps

A

cells are broken up by a homogeniser which breaks open membranes

42
Q

homogenisation conditions

A

Ice cold
pH buffers
isotonic solution

43
Q

step two of cell fractionation

A

filtration, the harmoganate is filtered to remove full cells or debris

44
Q

step three of cell fractionation

A

centrifugation- ultracentrifuge spins at a high speed and denser organelles form a pellet at the bottom and the rest in a supernatent

45
Q

most the least dense organelles

A

nucleus
mitocondria
lysosomes
ER
ribosomes

46
Q

what’s the machines called in cell fractionation

A

ultracentrifuge

47
Q

what is mueren

A

glycoprotein

48
Q

order of mitosis stages

A

Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

49
Q

Interphase

A

Organelles duplicate
More mitochondria- more ATP
cells get bigger and expand
DNA replicates

50
Q

Prophase

A

Chromosomes condense becoming shorter and thicker so they are visible

nuclear membrane and nucleolus break down

centrioles move to opposite poles

51
Q

metaphase

A

chromosomes line up down the equator

spindle fibres attach to centromeres

52
Q

anaphase

A

chromatic are pulled apart by spindle fibres at the centromere to opposite poles

53
Q

telophase

A

chromosomes become indistinct

nuclear membrane reforms

spindle fibres are gone

nuclear envelope and nucleolus reform

54
Q

cytokinesis

A

cytoplasm and organelles are equally split

genetically identical daughter cells

55
Q

prokaryote

A

no membrane bound organelles

56
Q

why are viruses dead and are acellular

A

not made of cells, can’t respire

57
Q

size of a virus

A

0.1 micro meters

Biology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions