cells

Question 1

What is the tail like structure and what is its purpose

Answer 1

flagellum,move faster

Question 2

define a prokaryotic cell

Answer 2

a cell without a nucleus

Question 3

define a eukaryotic cell

Answer 3

a cell with a nucleus

Question 4

what structures do bacterial cells not have

Answer 4

mitochondria, nucleolus, nucleus

Question 5

what structures do animal cells not have

Answer 5

cell wall,chloroplast

Question 6

what is cell theory

Answer 6

1. all living things are made of cells 2. cells are the basic unit of structure and function 3.new cells come from pre-exsisting cells

Question 7

vacuole function

Answer 7

storage/ containing waste products

Question 8

mitochondria function

Answer 8

cellular respiration (makes energy)

Question 9

cytoplasm function

Answer 9

transport genetic information/ hold organelles in place

Question 10

nucleus function

Answer 10

carrys dna/ controls genetic info

Question 11

ribosomes function

Answer 11

make protein

Question 12

golgi bodies function

Answer 12

packing and secretion of protein/ makes ribosomes

Question 13

cell membrane function

Answer 13

controls what comes in and out of the cell/ protects the cell

Question 14

cell wall function

Answer 14

provides strength and protection

Question 15

chloroplast function

Answer 15

produces energy for photosynthesis

Question 16

lysosome function

Answer 16

digesting chemicals

Question 17

what does homeostasis do

Answer 17

creates balance

Question 18

what does selectively permeable size limit allow

Answer 18

some materials in and out but not others (small things go in)

Question 19

things that move into the cell

Answer 19

monosaccharides, amino acids, oxygen

Question 20

things that move out of the cell

Answer 20

carbon dioxide, water

Question 21

things that can not move in OR out

Answer 21

polysaccharides/starches or some lipids (too big)

Question 22

what is the phospholipid bilayer

Answer 22

membrane made of lipids and phosphates that is two layers thick

Question 23

describe protein receptors

Answer 23

receptors are specific,may bond with hormones,neurotransmitters, other chemicals (depends on the cell)

Question 24

describe transport proteins

Answer 24

allows materials like amino acids and simple sugars to pass through them

Question 25

describe cell markers

Answer 25

provides identification for a cellso white blood cells knows that the cell belongs in the body

Question 26

describe structural proteins

Answer 26

helps keep membrane together

Question 27

describe how the cell wall and cell membrane are different

Answer 27

The cell wall is only in PLANT CELLS and provides structure and protection but the cell membrane is in the plant cell AND animal cell and controls what comes in and out

Question 28

how does a cell get materials through the mebrane

Answer 28

with passive transport - moves from high to low concentrations across the membrane, with active transport - can move any direction across the membrane but requires energy to work

Question 29

describe endocytosis

Answer 29

requires energy, (like cells eating), when white blood cells eat pathogens (invaders)

Question 30

describe exocytosis

Answer 30

requires energy, (like cells throwing up), releasing proteins packaged by the golgi bodies

Question 31

define diffusion

Answer 31

movement of substances from high to low concentration

Question 32

is diffusion passive or active transport

Answer 32

passive

Question 33

what does cell survival depend on

Answer 33

balancing water uptake and water loss

Question 34

what is it called when the cell is able to respond to changes

Answer 34

dynamic equilibrium

Question 35

describe the steps of cellular communication

Answer 35

1. sending the chemical signal 2. receiving the signal at the targets cell outer membrane receptor 3.relaying the signal into the target cells interiors 4. changing the target cells behavior, responding to the signal

Question 36

define neurons

Answer 36

specialized cells that can send signals quickly but only over short distances.

Question 37

define neurotransmitters

Answer 37

the chemicals that send signals across short spaces