cells Flashcards

1
Q

define the structure of a cell

A

a cell is made up of organelles. they are tiny structures that perform specific tasks within cells, such as producing energy or manufacturing protein.

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2
Q

what are fat cells?

A

keep the body warm and provide energy

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3
Q

what are white blood cells?

A

defends the body against disease

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4
Q

what are red blood cells?

A

supplies oxygen to the body

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5
Q

what are bone cells?

A

forms the skeleton

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6
Q

what are egg cells?

A

enables reproduction

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7
Q

what are sperm cells?

A

they contain the genetic information from the male parent to pass on to the offspring.

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8
Q

what is a cone cell?

A

light sensitive cell found in the retina of the eye. they enable colour vision

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9
Q

what are gland cells?

A

produces sweat, hormones and saliva

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10
Q

what are nerve cells?

A

receives information and transports it to other parts of the body

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11
Q

function of the plasma membrane:

A

isolation, protection, sensitivity and support
controls entry and exit of materials

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12
Q

function of the nucleus:

A

controls the centre of the cell and all of the activities

contains DNA

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13
Q

function of the ribosomes:

A

responsible for protein synthesis

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14
Q

function of the endoplasmic reticulum:

A

synthesis of secretory products

intracellular storage and transport

detoxification of drugs and toxins

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15
Q

function of the mitochondria:

A

power house of the cell

cellular respiration occurs here to release energy for the cell to use

produces ATP for the storage of energy

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16
Q

what are the functions of the centrosome and centrioles:

A

essential for movement of chromosomes during cell division

organisation of microtubules in the cytoskeleton

17
Q

function of the lysosomes:

A

intracellular removal of damaged organelles or pathogens

18
Q

exam Q: outline the role of the Golgi apparatus. (2 marks)

A

it packages proteins/lipids, as well as making vesicles.

19
Q

exam Q: outline the function of ribosomes. (2 marks)

A

it is responsible for protein synthesis and joins together amino acids

20
Q

exam Q: describe the two processes of cell division. (4 marks)

A

mitosis, which produces identical cells.

meiosis, which produces 4 non-identical cells.

21
Q

Explain how cells divide for growth (2 marks)

A

By mitosis replicating the DNA/ splitting them into two