Cells Flashcards
Cells are composed of tiny structures that carry out all of the functions of MRS GREEN. These structures are called?
Organelles
Substances enter into a plant cell by passing through what structures
cell wall
Substances enter into an animal cell by passing through what structure
cell membrane
What surrounds the cells of plants, fungi, and some bacteria that helps to hold the shape?
cell wall
What cell part is the clear fluid in which the organelles float?
cytoplasm
What organelle directs and controls the cell’s activities?
Nucleus
What part contains the x-shaped chromosones
inside the nucleus
What organelle is found in both plant and animal cells, and helps make energy for the cell by breaking down food and releasing energy during cellular respiration?
mitochondria
What is the organelle found in plants that performs photosynthesis?
cloroplast
Which organelle is responsible when a plant looks wilted?
Vacole
What is the function of vacuoles for the cell?
Holds water, food, and waste
what do lysosomes do for the cell
breaks down old cell parts
List 3 organelles that plant cells have that animal cells don’t
a cell wall, chloroplasts and a large central vacuole
What is the difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells are unicellular and eukaryotic cells are multicellular
Describe the shapes of animal cells vs plant cells:
plant cell: geometric Animal: round
What cell types have cell walls
plants, bacteria, fungi
What types of cells have a nucleus
plants, animals, protists, fungi
What are unicellular organisms, made of simple cells without nucleus’ and other organelles and are found all over Earth?
Bacteria
How are archaebacteria different from bacteria (Eubacteria)?
archaebacteria only live in extreme enviroments
Fossilized mats of archaebacteria that made earth’s oxygen-rich atmosphere and ozone layer are called?
Stromatolites
What is the name for single-celled organisms, with nucleus’, that live in pond water?
protists
What part allows the paramecium to move?
little hairs/ cilia
What part allows euglena to move and make food?
flagellum- whip like a tail
How does an amoeba move and eat?
pseudopod - false feet
What organism has a cell wall, breaks down and absorbs nutrients from other organisms, and reproduces by releasing spores?
fungi
What organisms are multicellular
Plants, animals, fungi
How do plant cells differ from animal cells (3 reasons)
Shape= Plants are rectangular in shape, animals are round in shape, Color= Plants usually have chloroplasts that make them green, Vacuoles= Plants have a big vacuole for water in the middle, and animals have lots.
