Cells Flashcards
Describe a root hair cell
The function of a root hair cell is to absorb water and nutrients from the soil. It is a plant cell. Its special features are that its root hair creates a large surface area and it has no chloroplasts as it cannot do photosynthesis underground
Describe a leaf/palisade cell
The function of a leaf cell is to carry out photosynthesis. It is a plant cell. Its special features are that it is found at the top surface of leaves, it is packed with chloroplasts and that its thin with a large surface area to absorb more light
Describe a red blood cell
The function of a red blood cell is that it transports oxygen around the body. It is an animal cell. Its special features are that it has no nucleus and is disc shaped to carry more oxygen
Describe a nerve cell
The function of a nerve cell is to carry electrical impulses around the body. It is an animal cell. Its special feature is that it is long and thin with connections at each end to provide a larger surface area for transportation
Describe a sperm cell
The function of a sperm cell is to carry male genetic material to the egg. Its special features are that it has a streamlined head and a long tail to swim faster and has lots of mitochondria to transfer energy and swim faster
What are the steps when using a microscope?
1 - Put the specimen onto the stage
2 - Turn the objective lens to the lowest power
3 - Move the stage closer to the objective lens using the course focus wheel
4 - Look down the eyepiece lens
5 - Move the stage away from the objective lens using the coarse focus wheel until the object is in focus
What does the Cytoplasm do?
Jelly like substance where chemical reactions take place
What does the cell membrane do?
Controls the substances entering and leaving the cell
What does the nucleus do?
Contains genetic material(DNA) and controls the substances entering and leaving the cell
What does the mitochondria do?
Where respiration takes place
Describe a muscle cell
The function of a muscle cell is to contract and move things. Its special feature is that it has lots of mitochondria to release energy for movement
What is diffusion?
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
What does MRS GREN stand for?
M - Movement
R - Respiration
S - Sensitivity
G - Growth
R - Reproduction
E - Excretion (💩)
N - Nutrition
What are unicellular organisms?
A living thing with only one cell. E.g Amoeba or Euglena
What do the chloroplasts do?
Contains chlorophyll and is where photosynthesis takes place
