Cells

Question 1

Function follows form

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Skin and its derivatives ( hair, claws, sweat glands) protection against mechanical injury, infection, dehydration, thermoregulation

Answer 2

Integumentary system

Question 3

How many cells in the human body?

Answer 3

85 trillion cells

Question 4

Four main types of animal tissue

Answer 4

Epithelial
Connective
Nervous
Muscular

Question 5

3 types of epithelial tissue

Answer 5

Squamous (little cytoplasm)

cuboidal(medium cytoplasm)

Columnar ( most cytoplasm)

Question 6

2 types of squamous cells

Answer 6

Simple squamous (single layered

Stratified Squamous (multilayered)

Question 7

Where are what do each squamous cell do?

Answer 7

Stratified squamous is located in mouth and gut. It serves as protection from abrasions.

Simple squamous is located in the lungs. It allows for diffusion. Allows for filtration

Question 8

What are basal cells? What is the apical layer/surface?

Answer 8

Basal cells- bottom layer of cells. They grow up toward the surface.

Apical layer- top layer of cells

Question 9

What are cuboidal cells? Shape? Where? Function?

Answer 9

Cuboidal cells are a type of epithelial tissue.

They are in the shape of a cube

Located in areas such as kidney and pancreas

Transport- secretion (blood to cells) and absorption (nutrients to blood)

Question 10

What are the two types of columnar epithelium? Shape? Where? Function?

Answer 10

Simple columnar epithelium / pseudostratified columnar epitheium

Columnar cells look like tall columns

Simple columnar- located in intestines and stomach

Pseudostratified (false layered) columnar- located in respiratory tract

Simple columnar- absorption and secretion. Also serve as protection for gut
Pseudostratified- filtration in the respiratory tract (cilia catch debris in airway)

Question 11

True or false… more cytoplasm means more functions?

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What are the 6 types of connective tissue? What’s is their function as a whole?

Answer 12

Loose connective

Fibrous connective

Blood

Bone

Cartilage

Adipose

Overall function- framework for the body

Question 14

What are the three types of connective tissue fibers? What do they do?

Answer 14

Collagenous fibers- strength and flexibility (collagen)

Reticular fibers- join connective tissue to adjacent tissue

Elastic fibers- make tissues elastic (elastin)

Question 15

What are the 6 connective tissues?

Answer 15

Loose connective tissue

Fibrous connective tissue

Bone

Adipose tissue

Cartilage

Blood

Question 16

What is the 1. Matrix 2. Cells 3. Fibers 4. Function of loose connective tissue?

Answer 16

Matrix- loose weave of material (widespread packing material)

Cells- fibroblasts (build fibers)

Fibers- collagen, reticular, elastic fibers

Function- hold organs in place

Question 17

What is the 1. Matrix 2. Cells 3. Fibers 4. Function of fibrous connective tissue?

Answer 17

Matrix- fluid

Cells- Fibroblasts (build fibers)

Fibers- elastin (make things elastic and return back to shape) and collagen

Function- make up tendons(muscle to bone) and ligaments (bone to bone)

Question 18

What is the 1. Matrix 2. Cells 3. Fibers 4. Function of bone?

Answer 18

Matrix- calcium hydroxyapatite

Cells- osteoblasts( build bone) and osteoclasts (breakdown bone)

Fibers- osteon, collagen fibers (tensile), and calcium salts

Function- support the body

Question 19

What is the 1. Matrix 2. Cells 3. Fibers 4. Function of adipose tissue?

Answer 19

Matrix- cell fluid

Cells- adipocytes

Fibers- anchor to keep cells together

Function- storage, insulation, padding

Question 20

What is the 1. Matrix 2. Cells 3. Fibers 4. Function of cartilage?

Answer 20

Matrix- Chondroitin Sulfate

Cells- Chondrocytes

Fibers- elastin (resilient) and collagen (tensile)

Function- give support to the body

Question 21

What are the three types of muscle tissue? What is their overall function in the body?

Answer 21

Skeletal

Smooth

Cardiac

Overall function- contract to preform body movements

Question 22

What is the 1. Function 2. Makeup 3. Location of skeletal muscle tissue?

Answer 22

Function- enable VOLUNTARY movement of the body

Makeup- unbranched striated muscle

Location- attached to bone by tendons

Question 23

What is the 1. Function 2. Makeup 3. Location of smooth muscle tissue?

Answer 23

Function- INVOLUNTARY contractions of internal organs. Will pump and/or store items

Makeup- spindle shaped unstriated muscle

Location- stomach, intestines, blood vessels

Question 24

What is the 1. Function 2. Makeup 3. Location of cardiac muscle tissue?

Answer 24

Function- contraction of the heart

Makeup- branched, striated fibers, intercalated disks

Location- HEART only

Question 25

What are the two contractile proteins?

Answer 25

Actin

Myosin

Question 26

True of false… muscles shorten?

Answer 26

False, they slide over each other

Question 27

What are the two types of nervous tissue?

Answer 27

Neurons

Glia

Question 28

What is the makeup of a neuron?

Answer 28

Dendrite (fingers off cell body)

Cell body (large area with dendrites)

Axon (long body extending from the cell body)

Question 29

What is the function of a neuron?

Answer 29

1. Perceive information from the environment
2. Process information
3. Respond to the information

AKA communication

Question 30

Where is the central nervous system located? Peripheral nervous system?

Answer 30

CNS- brain and spinal cord

PNS- all other nerves in the body

Question 31

What is the function of glia?

Answer 31

1. Framework
2. Fix neuron tissue
3. Provide food for nerve cells
4. Remove waste products
5. Look for bacteria

Question 32

Where are glia located in the body?

Answer 32

Attached or near axons of neurons and blood vessels

Question 33

What is the 1. Matrix 2. Cells 3. Fibers 4. Function of blood?

Answer 33

Matrix- plasma

Cells- white and red blood cells

Fibers- fibrin (clotting)

Function- transport throughout the body