Cell Parts Flashcards
organelle that generate energy; the powerhouses of the cell
mitochondria
lipid barrier that surrounds the cell
Plasma or Cell Membrane
tough outer layer of plant cells that surrounds the cell membrane to provide structure and support and protects the cell
cell wall
the entire contents of the cell inside the cell membrane (the organelles and cytosol), excluding the nucleus
cytoplasm
organelle that processes and packages proteins
Golgi apparatus
membrane-bound organelle that provides storage for things like water and nutrients
vacuole
Name three distinct differences between plant cells and animal cells
1) Plant cells contain a cell wall, but animal cells do not.
2) Plant cells have a large central vacuole. The vacuoles in animal cells are much smaller.
3) Plant cells contain chloroplasts, which animal cells do not have.
organelle that breaks down and recycles old molecules
lysosomes
organelle where proteins and lipids are made
endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
organelle that carries out photosynthesis in plants
chloroplast
membrane-bound organelle that contains genetic material
nucleus
non-membrane bound organelle in which proteins are made
ribosomes
Name three parts of the cell theory
All organisms are composed of cells.
Cells are alive and the basic living units of organization in all organisms.
All cells come from other cells.
jellylike substance in which the contents of the cell are suspended
cytosol
small membrane-bound sac that transports proteins around the cell or to the cell membrane
vesicle
framework of the cell that provides support and shape
cytoskeleton
area within the nucleus where ribosomes are made
nucleolus
the molecule that carries energy in living things; adenosine triphosphate
ATP
type of organism with cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles; they may be unicellular or multicellular
Eukaryote
the double membrane that controls what enters and leaves the nucleus
nuclear envelope
strands of DNA wrapped around protein
chromosomes
Humans have ________________pairs of chromosomes
23
type of unicellular organism with no nucleus or membrane bound organelles
prokaryote
genetic material; the instructions that tell the cell how to build the molecules needed to function properly
DNA
passageway that allows materials to enter and leave the nucleus
nuclear pore
the pigment contained in chloroplasts that takes part in photosynthesis
chlorophyll
a structure within a cell that has a specific function
organelle
