Cell Theory, and Cell Structures and Functions

Question 1

organelle that generates energy; the powerhouses of the cell

Answer 1

mitochondria

Question 2

lipid barrier that surrounds the cell

Answer 2

Plasma or Cell Membrane

Question 3

tough outer layer of plant cells that surrounds the cell membrane to provide structure and support and protects the cell

Answer 3

cell wall

Question 4

the entire contents of the cell inside the cell membrane (the organelles and cytosol), excluding the nucleus

Answer 4

cytoplasm

Question 5

organelle that processes and packages proteins

Answer 5

Golgi apparatus

Question 6

membrane-bound organelle that provides storage for things like water and nutrients

Answer 6

vacuole

Question 7

Name three distinct differences between plant cells and animal cells

Answer 7

1) Plant cells contain a cell wall, but animal cells do not.
2) Plant cells have a large central vacuole. The vacuoles in animal cells are much smaller.
3) Plant cells contain chloroplasts, which animal cells do not have.

Question 8

organelle that breaks down and recycles old molecules

Answer 8

lysosomes

Question 9

organelle where proteins and lipids are made

Answer 9

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

Question 10

organelle that carries out photosynthesis in plants

Answer 10

chloroplast

Question 11

membrane-bound organelle that contains genetic material

Answer 11

nucleus

Question 12

non-membrane bound organelle in which proteins are made

Answer 12

ribosomes

Question 13

Name three parts of the cell theory

Answer 13

All organisms are composed of cells.
Cells are alive and the basic living units of organization in all organisms.
All cells come from other cells.