cell test review Flashcards
What does Cell Theory state?
Cell Theory is one of the basic principles of biology.
All living organisms are composed of cells. They may be unicellular or multicellular
What is the difference between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes?
Eukaryotic cells have a distinct nucleus containing the cell’s genetic material, while prokaryotic cells don’t have a
nucleus and have free-floating genetic material instead.
What are Organelles?
Organelles, any of the specialized structures within a cell that perform a specific function (, mitochondria,
ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum). Organelles in unicellular organisms are the equivalent of organs in multicellular
organisms.
Why was the invention of the Light Microscope so important to the development Cell Theory?
The invention of and subsequent refinements of the microscope led to the eventual ability to see cells.
Which two molecules are found in the Cell Membrane?
Cell membranes are composed primarily of fatty-acid-based lipids and proteins.
What is located in the Nucleus?
The nucleus is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Inside its fully enclosed nuclear membrane, It contains the
majority of the cell’s genetic material.
what is endcytosis and exocytosis
Endocytosis is the process of capturing a substance or particle from outside the cell by engulfing it with the cell
membrane, and bringing it into the cell. Exocytosis is the process of vesicles fusing with the plasma
membrane ,and releasing their contents to the outside of the cell
What parts can be found in a plant cell but not in an animal cell?
Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts and other specialized plastids, and a large central vacuole, which are not
found within animal cells.
What is Diffusion?
Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
Describe how what diffuses during Osmosis.
Osmosisis a type of passive diffusion in which water diffuses across a semi-permeable ,membrane from an area of
low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.
Describe the three types of Solutions and the movement of water in each
When two solutions have the same concentration of solutes, they are said to be isotonic to each other. If the two
solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane, water will move between the two solutions by
osmosis, but there will be no net change in the amount of water in either solution. If two solutions differ in the
concentration of solutes that each has, the one with more solute is hypertonic to the one with less solute. The
solution that has less solute is hypotonic to the one with more solute
Nucleus
The key function of the nucleus is to control cell growth and multiplication. This involves regulating gene
expression, initiating cellular reproduction, and storing genetic material necessary for all of these tasks.
Ribosomes
They assemble amino acids to form specific proteins, proteins are essential to carry out cellular activities.
Golgi Bodies
The job of the Golgi apparatus is to process and bundle macromolecules like proteins and lipids as they are
synthesized within the cell .
