Cell Test Flashcards
Name the three parts of the cell theory
1) All living things are made of cells
2) The cell is the basic unit of life
3) All cells come form pre-existing (other) cells
Which scientist studied the cork layer of bark from an oak tree?
Hooke
What is the name of the German plant biologist who said that all plants are made of cells?
Schleiden
Who concluded that all animals are made of cells?
Schwann
Who determined that cells come from pre-existing cells?
Virchow
Who was the first person to use the term “cell”?
Levanhook
These types of cell are primitive (single-celled bacteria)?
Prokaryotic
More advanced cells like plant and animal are this type of cell.
Eukaryotic
These types of cells have a true nucleus.
Eukaryotic
These types of cells contain ribosomes
Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic
Which organelle directs all cell activities?
Nucleus
Which organelle is only found in animal cells and play an important part in mitosis?
Centrioles
This cell structure helps package cell products.
Golgi Bodies
These structures are found along the ER and are the sites for protein synthesis.
Ribosomes
These structures are known as the powerhouses of the cell.
Mitochondria
These cell structures contain various kinds of digestive enzymes to help break down old cell parts.
Lysosomes
Genes are organized into long strands called this.
Double Helix
This membrane encloses the cell contents.
Cytoskeleton
This structure contains chlorophyll
Choloroplast
This membrane encloses the nucleus.
Cell Membrane
How do you find total magnification?
Eyepiece x Objective = Total Magnification
Why do you put the cover slip on a slide at an angle?
So that you don’t get any air bubbles.
Why is stain sometimes used when making slides?
So that you can see the picture and nucleus more clearly.
This is the complex network of membranes in the cytoplasm that is continuous with the nuclear membrane at several points, which help transport substances throughout the cell.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Which organelle provides energy by breaking down glucose?
Mitochondria
What is found in the nucleus and responsible for making ribosomes?
Nucleolus
What controls the passage of substances between the cutoplasm and the nucleus?
Nuclear Membrane
What controls the passage of substances into and out of the cell?
Cell Membrane
What protects the plant cell and gives it its shape?
Cell Wall
What organelle contains the pigment needed for photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
What organelle stores waste or usable substances?
Lysosomes
What is the “control center”?
Nucleus
In what part of the cell do most cellular processes occur?
Nucleus
What is the name for the structure that absorbs energy from the sun?
Chloroplast
What are three passive transport processes? Do they require energy?
No
- Diffusion
- Osmosis
- Facilitated Diffusion
What are three active transport processes? Do they require energy?
Yes
- Pumps
- Endosytosis
- Exosytosis
What is the difference between hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions relative to the internal cellular enviorment?
Hypertonic- High Solute compared to the cell
Hypotonic - Low solute concentration compared to the cell
Isotonic - Contains same solute concentration as the cell
What is dynamic equilibrium? When does it happen?
A reversible reaction. When something needs to be changed.
Describe what happens to a cell when placed in hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions.
They are all bathed in fluid. How the fluid compares to the internal cellular environment, may cause water to move in or out of the cell.
What are the three main differences between plant and animal cells?
Besides the size there is also the chloroplasts, cell wall, and vacuoles.
