Cell Terms Flashcards
Centrioles
Structures that function in cell reproduction.
Cilia
Hairlike extensions on the surface of the cells capable of movement.
Endoplasmic reticulum
Membrane network of “roads” and “channels” that wind through the cytoplasm
Flagella
A sperm cells “tail”
Lysosomes
The cell’s “digestive system”
Mitochondria
“Power plants” that burn food in the presence of oxygen to make cell energy
Ribosomes
“Protein factories” that make proteins
Anabolism
The building metabolic phase; grows, maintains, and repairs body structures
Biology
The study of life and life processes
Catabolism
The breaking-down metabolic phase; producing energy from food and oxygen
Chromosomes
Short, tightly coiled today that contain genes
CYT/O-
A cell
Cytoplasm
A substance between the plasma membrane and nucleus of all cells
DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid, the chemical genes are made of
Genes
Regions of DNA organized into the body’s “blueprint”
KARY/O-
The nucleus
Karyoplasm
The substance of the nucleus
Karyotype
A picture of chromosomes in the nucleus of the cell
Metabolism
The chemical process by which cells obtain and use energy
Nucleus
The spheroid body within a cell that dictates protein production; controls transport, metabolism, growth, heredity
Organelles
Structure within cytoplasm
-PLASM
Formative, formed material
Plasma membrane
The outside boundary of the cell
RNA
Ribonucleic acid, needed for production of protein within cells
Tissue fluid
A saltwater solution that bathes every cell in the body
