Behavior

Question 1

behavior modification programs

Answer 1

Training courses that use rewards and reprimands to stimulate changes in behavior.

Question 2

behaviorism

Answer 2

The ethological approach that states behavior is learned rather than genetically programmed.

Question 3

breaking litter box training

Answer 3

When a cat urinates or defecates someplace other than its litter box.

Question 4

classical conditioning

Answer 4

The type of conditioned learning that associates stimuli occurring at approximately the same time or in roughly the same area.

Question 5

classical ethology

Answer 5

The ethological approach asserting that much of what animal know is instinctive or innate.

Question 6

conditioned stimulus

Answer 6

Sensory input unrelated to a simple reflex behavior.

Question 7

dance

Answer 7

A complex pattern of movements performed by a bee that directs other bees to a food source.

Question 8

ethology

Answer 8

The study of animal behavior.

Question 9

evolution

Answer 9

The scientific theory that characterizes all related organisms as descended from common ancestors.

Question 10

fixed action patterns

Answer 10

A term used by early ethologists to describe stereotypical or predictable behaviors of a species.

Question 11

function

Answer 11

In ethological terms, survive value.

Question 12

habituation

Answer 12

The process of learning that certain objects and events have little bearing on survival and can thus be ignored.

Question 13

house soiling

Answer 13

Urinating or defecating inside the home.

Question 14

imprinting

Answer 14

The acquisition in the very young of certain fixed action patterns.

Question 15

innate

Answer 15

Instinctive

Question 16

instinct

Answer 16

A combination of unleaded responses characteristic of a species.

Question 17

instrumental learning

Answer 17

Learning by trial and error.

Question 18

natural selection

Answer 18

The process that awards survival and reproduction success to individuals and groups best adjusted to their environment.

Question 19

naturalists

Answer 19

Natural scientist.

Question 20

nature-nurture controversy

Answer 20

The cru of two opposing schools: classical ethology, which views animal behavior as primarily instinctive, and animal psychology, which views animal behavior as primary learned.

Question 21

operant

Answer 21

Functioning or tending to produce effects.

Question 22

postparturition

Answer 22

Period of time after giving birth to offspring.

Question 23

recognition of individuals

Answer 23

The process that allows animals to distinguish their place in a social context broader than their relationship with primary caregivers.

Question 24

sensitive period

Answer 24

A specific stage early in an animal’s life when imprinting occurs.

Question 25

social behavior

Answer 25

The ways individual members of the same species interact with one another.

Question 26

socialization

Answer 26

The process of adapting to contact with others.

Question 27

sociobiology

Answer 27

The study of the biological bases of social behavior.

Question 28

spraying

Answer 28

Staining vertical services with a strong-smelling urine.

Question 29

stimulus-response theory

Answer 29

The psychological school of thought stating that all complex forms of behavior, including emotions, thoughts, and habits, are complex muscular and glandular responses that can be observed and measured.

Question 30

territorial

Answer 30

Prone to defining and defending areas of sleep, eating, exercise, and play.

Question 31

unconditioned response

Answer 31

A simple reflex behavior.

Question 32

unconditioned stimulus

Answer 32

Sensory input that produces a simple reflex behavior

Question 33

wobble

Answer 33

A training maneuver designed to disorient a bird by abruptly dropping the hand it’s perched upon.