cell structure (low mark)

Question 1

What are eukaryotes

Answer 1

They contain membrane bound organelles such as a nucleus and mitochondria.

Question 2

What are prokaryotes

Answer 2

These are cells of bacteria

Question 3

What is differentiation

Answer 3

The process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job

Question 4

How can cells change and differentiate to carry out a specific function

Answer 4

They can develop different subcellular sturctures and turn into different types of cells

Question 5

What is it called when a cells is undifferentiated

Answer 5

Stem cells

Question 6

Give 5 examples of specialised cells

Answer 6

• sperm cells
• nerve cell
• muscle cell
• root hair cell
• phloem cell

Question 7

How are sperm cells specialised

Answer 7

• specialised for reproduction
• long tail to help swim
• lots of mitochondria for energy
• carries enzymes to digest through egg

Question 8

How are nerve cells specialised

Answer 8

• specialised for rapid signalling
• they are long to cover more distance
• have branched connections to connect to other nerve cells

Question 9

How are muscle cells specialised

Answer 9

• specialised for contraction
• long for space to contract
• contains lots of mitrochondria for energy

Question 10

How are root hair cells specialised

Answer 10

• specialised for absorbing water and minerals

- on the surface of the plants roots and stick into soil to give plant large surface area to absorb water and minerals

Question 11

How are phloem cells specialised in plants

Answer 11

• specialised for transporting substances
• transport food and water around plants
• long and joined end to end to form tubes

Question 12

What are the 5 parts of the animals cell and their functions

Answer 12

• Nucleus–>contains genetic material
• cytoplasm–>where chemical reactions take place
• cell membrane–>conteols what goes in and out
• mitochondria–>wher reactions of aerobic respiration happens
• ribosomes–>where protiens are made

Question 13

Name all 8 parts of an plant cell

Answer 13

• Nucleus–>contains genetic material
• cytoplasm–>where chemical reactions take place
• cell membrane–>conteols what goes in and out
• mitochondria–>wher reactions of aerobic respiration happens
• ribosomes–>where protiens are made
• rigid cell wall–>support cell
• permanent vacuole–>weak solution of sugars and salts
• chloroplast–>where photosynthesis occurs

Question 14

Give 3 differences between prokarayotes and eukarayotes

Answer 14

-prokarayotes are smaller, have no nucleas and contain plasmids