Cell structure and functions

Question 1

Something that causes a reaction in an organ or cell

Answer 1

Stimulus

Question 2

Instructions in the cell

Answer 2

DNA

Question 3

Also called “little organs,” _____ are separated membranous compartments inside the cell

Answer 3

Organelles

Question 4

No nucleus, no membrane bound organelle, unicellular

Answer 4

Prokaryotes

Question 5

True nucleus with membrane bound organelles

Answer 5

Eukaryotes

Question 6

Two types of cell

Answer 6

Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic

Question 7

The sites of protein synthesis

Answer 7

Ribosome

Question 7

Stores material within the cell

Answer 7

Vacuole

Question 8

Closely stacked, flattened sacs that perform photosyntesis (plants only)

Answer 8

Chloroplast

Question 9

Gel like substance encasing the cell and giving it fluid nature

Answer 9

Cytoplasm

Question 10

Organelle that manages or controls all the cell functions
in a eukaryotic cell

Answer 10

Nucleus

Question 10

Contains chlorophyll, a green pigment that traps energy from sunlight and gives plants their green color

Answer 10

Chloroplast

Question 11

Digests excess or worn-out cell parts, food particles and invading viruses or bacteria

Answer 11

Lysosome

Question 12

Small bumps located on portions of the endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 12

Ribosomes

Question 12

Sub-organelle of nucleus that composes of RNA

Answer 12

Nucleolus

Question 13

___________ is a double membrane lipid layer enclosing the
nucleus to protect the DNA and nucleoplasm.

Answer 13

Nuclear envelope

Question 14

Bundles of DNA

Answer 14

Chromatin

Question 15

Site of cellular respiration, powerhouse of the cell

Answer 15

Mitochondria

Question 16

Transport the materials needed by the cell

Answer 16

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 17

Has ribosomes and in charge of manufacturing of glycoproteins

Answer 17

Rough ER

Question 17

The absence of ribosomes makes it smooth while taking charge of the metabolism/synthesis of carbohydrates, lipid, enzymes, etc.

Answer 17

Smooth ER

Question 18

Sorts, modifies, and packages proteins for transport out of the cell

Answer 18

Golgi body/Golgi apparatus

Question 19

The semi-permeable membrane surrounding the cell

Answer 19

Plasma membrane

Question 19

Allowing certain substances to pass through it but not others

Answer 19

Semi-permeable

Question 20

Larger in plants, known as tonoplast/central vacuole that can absorb water

Answer 20

Vacuole

Question 21

Lysosome, is an organelle found only in animal cells that is responsible for intracellular digestion with the help of _____________ stored in its membranes that are powerful enough to break down macromolecules.

Answer 21

Hydrolytic enzymes

Question 22

What is the main function of the Cell Wall?

Answer 22

To protect and provide support for the cell

Question 23

The word cyto means:

Answer 23

Cell

Question 24

Isolates the cell from outside environment

Answer 24

Cell membrane

Question 25

_____________ pigments which, together with the action of sunlight and H2O in the process called photosynthesis, manufactures food for the entire plant.

Answer 25

Chlorophyll

Question 26

Site of storage/distribution for manifactured plant food. Also made up of several stacks called "grana"

Answer 26

Thylakoid

Question 27

Found in the external spaces of thylakoid, where photosyntesis occurs and carbon dioxide is converted into glucose

Answer 27

Stroma

Question 28

Small rings of DNA that are located outside the nucleoid.

Answer 28

Plasmids

Question 29

Tail that helps in locomotive function of the cell

Answer 29

Flagella

Question 30

Hair-like structure that detects and gives signal to the cell

Answer 30

Cilia

Question 31

Framework of the cell, holds the organelles together

Answer 31

Cytoskeleton

Question 32

Parts of prokaryotic cell

Answer 32

Chromosome, cell wall, plasma membrane, ribosomes, capsule

Question 33

Microfilaments form ________, the spindle that apportions the genetic material during cell division

Answer 33

Centrioles

Question 34

Assembles and disassembles causing cell movement

Answer 34

Microtubules andmicrofilaments