Cell Structure Flashcards
State the 5 features of a animal cell
- nucleus
- ribosomes
- mitochondria
- cell membrane
- cytoplasm
State the 8 features of a plant cell
- vacuole
- cell membrane
- cell wall
- chloroplast
- chloroplast
- mitochondria
- nucleus
- ribosomes
What is the role of mitochondria?
Perform respiration to release energy
What is the roll of the cell membrane?
Controls the movement of substances in and out the cell
What is the function of ribosomes?
Makes proteins for protein synthesis
What is the role of the nucleus?
Controls activities of the cell
What is the cytoplasm?
Liquid where most reactions happen
What is the vacuole and it’s role?
Sack filled with sap. Keeps the cell rigid
What is the cell wall and what does it do?
Made of cellulose. Supports cell
What is the chloroplasts?
Green and full of chlorophyll
What are the 7 features of a bacterial cell?
- cell membrane
- cytoplasm
- chromosome
- cell wall
- flagella
- plasmid
- ribosomes
What is a Prokaryotic cell?
Bacteria , no nucleus, genetic material is looped
What is a Eukaryotic cell?
Animal and plant cells, cell membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus
What is the calculation for magnification?
Magnification = size of image
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Size of object
What is the calculation for image size?
Image size = Actual size x magnification
What is the difference between a light microscope and a electron microscope?
Light- uses light and lenses, magnifications of 100 to 2000
Electron- modern uses beam of electrons
Magnifications of up to 2000000
Give 4 examples of specialised cells?
And how they have adapted?
- xylem( transports water)- hollow in centre, tubes joined end to end
- phloem( transports sugars)- pores to allow sap to flow, cells long and joined end to end
- root hair cell(absorbed water from soil) - large surface area
- sperm cell(get male dna to female) - streamlined head, long tail, lots of Mitochondria
What is binary fission?
Bacterial binary fission is the process that bacteria use to carry out cell division. When cells divide by mitosis in the body of a multicellular organism, they cause the organism to grow larger or replace old, worn-out cells with new ones.
How do you prepare an uncontaminated culture using aseptic techniques?
1) Bunsen burner on bench to kill airborne microorganisms
2) pass metal loop through flame to sterilise and let cool
3) remove culture bottle lid and put neck of bottle through flame - sterilise
4) put metal loop through bacterial culture then sterilise bottle again
5) replace culture bottle lid to prevent contamination and partially lift petroleum dish to stop entry of microorganisms
6) put metal loop over surface of the nutrient agar and pass metal loop through flame to sterilise
7) tape on petit dish lid and incubate at 25 degrees
