Cell Structure Flashcards
What is the nucleus made up of?
A structure surrounded by a nuclear envelope which contains many pores. It contains chromatin and often a structure called the nucleolus
What is the purpose of the plasma membrane?
It regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell
What is the purpose of the nucleus?
Chromatin is made from proteins and DNA. The pores allow substances (e.g., RNA) to move between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The nucleolus makes ribosomes.
What is a lysosome?
A round organelle surrounded by a membrane, with no clear internal structure.
What is the purpose of lysosomes?
Contains digestive enzymes. Used to digest invading cells or break down worn out components of the cell.
What is a ribosome?
A very small organelle that’s either floating free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
What is the purpose of ribosomes?
The site where proteins are made.
What does the smooth endoplasmic reticulum do?
Synthesises and processes lipids.
What does the rough endoplasmic reticulum do?
Processes proteins that have been made at the ribosomes.
What does the Golgi apparatus do?
Processes and packages new lipids and proteins. Makes lysosomes.
