Cell structure Flashcards
What is the nuclear envelope?
A double membrane surrounding the nucleus.
What are nuclear pores?
Tiny holes in the nuclear envelope that allow materials to move in and out.
Where are ribosomes made?
The nucleolus
What are vesicles?
Small fluid-filled sacs that transports substances around the cell
What are ribosomes made of?
RNA and proteins
What is the rough endoplasmic reticulum
A system of folded membrane with ribosomes on its outer surface.
Proteins are packaged into vesicles here.
What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
A system of membrane.
Carbohydrates and lipids are packaged into vesicles here.
What are the functions of the golgi apparatus?
-Modifies proteins and lipids.
Packages them into vesicles for transportation.
- Some of the proteins are enzymes which are used to form lysosomes
What is a lysosome?
A membrane-bound organelle that releases digestive enzymes.
What is the function of the mitochondria?
-Site of aerobic respiration
-Produces ATP
What is the function of a plant cell wall?
-Provides structural rigidity
- Stops cell from bursting as water enters via osmosis enabling the cell to become turgid
What is the function of a plant cell’s vacuole?
-Supports plant by making cells turgid
- Stores sugars and amino acids which can act as a temporary food store
What are grana?
Stacks of thylakoids found in the stroma of chloroplasts
