Cell signaling

Question 1

B2 on muscle contraction

Answer 1

Gs
Increase cAMP
Increase PKA
PKA inhibits MLCK =relaxation

Question 2

Alpha 2 on muscle

Answer 2

Gi. 
Decrease cAMP
Decrease PKA 
Increase MLCK
Muscle contraction

Question 3

Alpha 1 on muscle (most present in vasculature)

Answer 3

Gq

Increase in IP3
Goes to SR
Release Ca
Contraction of SM

Question 4

cGMP is produced by

Answer 4

1. Transmembrane guanylyl cyclase (GC). Ligand regulated.
2. Soluble GC produced by NO

cGMP——–>PKG

NO——–>GC

Question 5

Trans membrane example

Answer 5

Ligand (ANP) binds

Activated cGMP which activates PKG

Question 6

NO example

Answer 6

Ca/Cal produce NO from arginine and NOS

NO diffused into the cell and activates soluble GC which then activates cGMP which then activates PKG.

Question 7

What activates MLCP

Answer 7

PKG then relaxation occurs.

Question 8

Equilibrium potential

Answer 8

When flow of concentration gradient is balanced by its electrical gradient

Question 9

Equilibrium potential moves towards achieving

Answer 9

Resting potential