Cell Parts and Functions

Question 1

Give the 8 characteristics of organisms

Answer 1

1) Made up of cells 2) Require energy 3) Reproduce 4) Maintain Homeostasis 5) Organize 6) Respond to the environment 7) Grow and develop 8) Exchange waste/water/air

Question 2

States that some cells/organelles lives within another cell or organelles.

Answer 2

Endosymbiotic Theory

Question 3

Who is the person behind endosymbiotic theory?

Answer 3

Lynn Margulis

Question 4

True or False: Cells can only be observed using a microscope.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Arrange from smallest to biggest: Plant, Animal or Bacterial Cells

Answer 5

Bacterial Cell, Animal Cell, Plant Cell

Question 6

Composed of only 1 cell.

Answer 6

Unicellular cells

Question 7

Composed of many cells that can be organized as tissues, etc.

Answer 7

Multicellular cells

Question 8

These are very small and performs various functions for cells. They are found in cytoplasm and may or may not be membrane bound.

Answer 8

Organelles

Question 9

Double layer of phospholipids and proteins. It controls what enters or leaves the cells and is also the living layer.

Answer 9

Cell or Plasma Membrane

Question 10

What are the two parts of phospholipids?

Answer 10

Glycerol head and Tail

Question 11

This part of phospholipids contains glycerol and proteins.

Answer 11

Head

Question 12

This part of phospholipids contains of fatty acids.

Answer 12

Tail

Question 13

True or False: The phospholipid tails are hydrophilic

Answer 13

False

Question 14

True or False: The cell membrane is fluid.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

These proteins are attached on the surface.

Answer 15

Peripheral Proteins

Question 16

These proteins are embedded completely through the membrane.

Answer 16

Integral Proteins

Question 17

Lies immediately against the cell wall in plant cells/pushes out against the cell wall to maintain the cell shape.

Answer 17

Cell membrane

Question 18

Made of cellulose in plants.

Answer 18

Plant cell wall

Question 19

The bacterial cell wall is made up of ?

Answer 19

Peptidoglycan

Question 20

Fungi cell wall is made up of ?

Answer 20

Chitin

Question 21

It supports and protects the cells/found outside of the cell membrane.

Answer 21

Cell wall

Question 22

Jelly like substance enclosed by cell membrane/contains organelles and is found in all cells,.

Answer 22

Cytoplasm

Question 23

Semi fluid portion of the cytoplasm.

Answer 23

Cytosol

Question 24

Called the control organelle/controls the normal activity of the cell/contains the dna in chromosomes/bounded by a nuclear envelope/usually the largest organelle.

Answer 24

Nucleus

Question 25

How many chromosomes do we have?

Answer 25

46

Question 26

Double membrane surrounding the nucleus/attached to the rough er.

Answer 26

Nuclear envelope

Question 27

True or False: DNA is found inside the cells' nucleus.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

DNA spreads out and appears as what in non dividing cells?

Answer 28

Chromatin

Question 29

DNA is wrapped around proteins forming as what in dividing cells ?

Answer 29

Chromosomes

Question 30

Is the hereditary material of a cell.

Answer 30

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

Question 31

Makes ribosomes that make proteins. It disappears when the cell divides.

Answer 31

Nucleolus

Question 32

Helps cell maintain cell shape and also helps organelles move around.

Answer 32

Cytoskeleton

Question 33

Are thread like and made up of Actin

Answer 33

Microfilaments

Question 34

Are tube like and made up of Tubulin.

Answer 34

Microtubules

Question 35

Found only in animal cells, made of bundles of microtubules, appear during cell division forming mitotic spindle, help to pull chromosomes apart.

Answer 35

Centrioles

Question 36

The power house of the cell./ Surrounded by a double membrane. Has its own DNA.

Answer 36

Mitochondrion

Question 37

Mitochondria has a folded inner membrane called?

Answer 37

Cristae

Question 38

What do you call the interior of mitochondria?

Answer 38

Matrix

Question 39

True or False: You inherit your mitochondria from your mother.,

Answer 39

True

Question 40

Mitochondria appear in what shape?

Answer 40

Rod shaped

Question 41

What do mitochondria do?

Answer 41

Burns glucose to release energy (ATP)

Question 42

This is a network of hollow membrane tubules./ Connects the nuclear envelope and cell membrane./ Functions in synthesis of cell products and transport.

Answer 42

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Question 43

What are the 2 kinds of Er?

Answer 43

Rough ER and Smooth ER

Question 44

Has ribosomes on its surface. Makes membrane proteins and proteins for export out of the cell.

Answer 44

Rough ER

Question 45

_____ lacks ribosomes on its surface. It is attached to the end of rough er and makes cell products that are used inside the cell.

Answer 45

Smooth ER

Question 46

Makes membrane lipids. (steroids)/ Regulates calcium./ Destroys toxic substances.

Answer 46

Smooth ER

Question 47

Includes nuclear membrane connected to ER connected to cell membrane (Transport)

Answer 47

Endomembrane system

Question 48

These are made up of proteins and rRNA. The protein factory of the cell.

Answer 48

Ribosomes

Question 49

The process of amino acids to make proteins.

Answer 49

Protein Synthesis

Question 50

Stacks of flattened sacs. It has a shipping side and a receiving side. It receives the proteins made by rough er. Has transport vesicles with modified protein pinch off the ends.

Answer 50

Golgi bodies/apparatus

Question 51

It looks like stack of pancakes that modify, sort and package molecules from er for storage or transport out of the cells.

Answer 51

Golgi bodies/apparatus

Question 52

Contains digestive enzymes, it break downs food, bacteria and worn out parts of the cells.

Answer 52

Lysosomes

Question 53

It is the death of a cell.

Answer 53

Autolysis

Question 54

In lysosome digestion, cells take in food by what process?

Answer 54

Phagocytosis

Question 55

True or False: Lysosome digests the foods and get rid of the wastes.

Answer 55

True

Question 56

A small membrane bound vesicle containing enzymes that break down fatty acids, amino acids and h2o2.

Answer 56

Peroxisome

Question 57

Made of protein tubes called microtubules, functions in moving cell, moving fluid, or in small particles across the cell surface.

Answer 57

Cilia and Flagella

Question 58

Cilia and Flagella are arranged by what kind of arrangement?

Answer 58

9 + 2 arrangement

Question 59

These are shorter and more numerous in cells.

Answer 59

Cilia

Question 60

These are longer and fewer (usually 1-3) in cells.

Answer 60

Flagella

Question 61

Fluid filled sacs for storage./ Small or absent in the animal cells.

Answer 61

Vacuoles

Question 62

_____ have large central vacuole.

Answer 62

Plant cells

Question 63

_____ has no vacuoles.

Answer 63

Animal cells

Question 64

Is a fluid found in vacuoles.

Answer 64

Cell sap

Question 65

Found in unicellular protists like paramecia. It regulates water intake by pumping out excess. Keeps the cell from bursting.

Answer 65

Contractile Vacuole

Question 66

Found only in producers or organisms containing chlorophyll. It uses energy from sunlight to make food.

Answer 66

Chloroplasts

Question 67

Energy from sun are stored in the ____

Answer 67

Chemical bonds of sugar

Question 68

True or False: The chloroplast is surrounded by double membrane.

Answer 68

True

Question 69

The outer membrane is ____

Answer 69

Smooth

Question 70

The inner membrane modified into sacs called ?

Answer 70

Thylakoids

Question 71

What do you call the thylakoids in stacks?

Answer 71

Grana

Question 72

Gel like material surrounding the thylakoids.

Answer 72

Stroma

Question 73

True or False: The chloroplast has its own DNA.

Answer 73

True

Question 74

What do you call the food making process?

Answer 74

Photosynthesis

Question 75

True or False: Chloroplast is present in animal and bacterial cells.

Answer 75

False

Question 76

Chloroplasts contain ____ and ____ for photosynthesis.

Answer 76

Enzymes and pigment