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Biology > Cell Parts > Flashcards

Cell Parts Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

What is the second cell theory?

A

Cells are the basic units of structure and function

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1
Q

What is the first cell theory?

A

All living things made of more than one cell

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2
Q

What is the third cell theory?

A

Cells come from pre existing cells

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3
Q

What cell part is an outer boundary for cells?

A

Cell membrane

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4
Q

This is the cell fluid.

A

Cytoplasm

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5
Q

What structure supports the cell

A

Cytoskeleton

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6
Q

Ribosomes are the cellular structure on which all (…….) are made

A

Proteins

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7
Q

What type of cell is the smallest and simplest cell?

A

Prokaryote

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8
Q

What makes a prokaryote different from a eukaryotes?

A

Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and other internal compartments. Without separate compartments to isolate materials, prokaryotic cells cannot carry out many specialized functions.

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9
Q

What is one example prokaryote.

A

Bacteria

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10
Q

Why are a prokaryotes enzymes and ribosomes free to move around in cytoplasm?

A

There are no internal structures that divide the cell into compartments.

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11
Q

What prokaryotic cell part surrounds the cell membrane?

A

Cell wall

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12
Q

Which type of cell doesn’t contain a cell wall?

A

Eukaryotic

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13
Q

Why do prokaryotic cells have a cell wall?

A

They lack an internal supporting skeleton.

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14
Q

The prokaryotic cell wall is made of ….

A

Strands of polysaccharides connected by short chains of amino acids.

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15
Q

What prokaryotic cell part enables prokaryotes to cling to most surfaces?

A

Capsule

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16
Q

What cell part enables prokaryotes to move?

A

Flagella

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17
Q

What defines a eukaryotes from a prokaryote?

A

A eukaryotes is an organism that has cells that contain a nucleus.

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18
Q

What cell part houses the DNA of a cell?

A

Nucleus

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19
Q

This is a cell organ

A

Organelle

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20
Q

What move proteins and other molecules from one organelle to another?

A

Vesicles

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21
Q

What do eukaryotes use to move around?

A

Cilia

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22
Q

What else can cilia perform?

A

Cilia propel substances across the surface.

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23
Q

A web of protein fibers make up ….

A

Cytoskeleton

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24
Q

What is the first kind of cytoskeleton?

A

Long slender micro filaments made of protein actin

25
Q

What is the second type of cytoskeleton?

A

Hollow tubes called micro tubules made of protein tubules

26
Q

What is the third type of cytoskeleton?

A

Thick ropes of protein called intermediate fibers.

27
Q

Cell membranes are (physical characteristic)

A

Fluid like soapy bubbles

28
Q

All things are

A

Made up of one or more cells

29
Q

Who discovered cell

A

Robert Hooke

30
Q

What kind of microscope did Hooke use

A

Light

31
Q

Leeuwenhoek was the first to

A

Observe living cells

32
Q

What are the cellular basses of life

A 
Organized parts
Obtain energy from surrounding
Perform chem reactions
Change with time
Respond to their environment
Reproduce
33
Q

The cell shape reflects

A

Function

34
Q

Ribosomes are locared either

A

Freely or attached to rough er

35
Q

What is the ribosomes function

A

Protein synthesis

36
Q

What is the Golgi apparatuses job

A

Process and package proteins

37
Q

Vesicles have

A

Lysosomes and detoxification enzymes

38
Q

Lysomes are …. And peroxisomes are

A

Digestive and detoxification

39
Q

Explain protein synthesis

A

The rough ER, Golgi apparatus, and vesicles work together to transport proteins to their destinations inside and outside the cell

40
Q

Centrioles are related to

A

Cytoskeleton

41
Q

What is the composition of centrioles

A

Two short cylinders of micro tubules

42
Q

Centrioles are needed for

A

Cell combustion

43
Q

The plasma membrane is sometimes referred to as the

A

Cell membrane

44
Q

What is an example of passive to get through plasma membrane?

A

Diffusion

45
Q

What is an example of active

A

Physically and chemically removed

46
Q

Cytoplasm includes everything inside the cell except the

A

Nucleus

47
Q

Plasma membranes are composed of

A

Hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail

48
Q

Hydrophilic head is …. Why hydrophobic is ….

A

Water loving, no water loving

49
Q

The plasma membrane is a

A

Phospholipid bilayer

50
Q

What is the nucleuses cytoplasm?

A

Nucleoplasm

51
Q

The nuclear envelope is a

A

Double membrane surrounding the nucleus

52
Q

The nucleolus is the place where

A

DNA is stored

53
Q

What is the powerhouse of the cell?

A

Mitochondria

54
Q

Mitochondria transforms organic matter to

A

ATP

55
Q

The end pplastic reticulum prepares proteins for

A

Export or insert into cell membrane

56
Q

Rough ER CONTAINS

A

Ribosomes

57
Q

Smooth ER functions by

A

Building lipids and remove toxins

58
Q

What makes a plant cell different from an animal cell

A

Cell wall, plastids, chloroplasts, central vacuole

59
Q

Plastids store

A

Starch and pigment

60
Q

Chloroplasts contain

A

Photosynthesis which change light to chemical energy

61
Q

What stores water, enzymes, waste products

A

Central vacuole

Biology (6 decks)

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