Cell Parts Flashcards
What is the second cell theory?
Cells are the basic units of structure and function
What is the first cell theory?
All living things made of more than one cell
What is the third cell theory?
Cells come from pre existing cells
What cell part is an outer boundary for cells?
Cell membrane
This is the cell fluid.
Cytoplasm
What structure supports the cell
Cytoskeleton
Ribosomes are the cellular structure on which all (…….) are made
Proteins
What type of cell is the smallest and simplest cell?
Prokaryote
What makes a prokaryote different from a eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and other internal compartments. Without separate compartments to isolate materials, prokaryotic cells cannot carry out many specialized functions.
What is one example prokaryote.
Bacteria
Why are a prokaryotes enzymes and ribosomes free to move around in cytoplasm?
There are no internal structures that divide the cell into compartments.
What prokaryotic cell part surrounds the cell membrane?
Cell wall
Which type of cell doesn’t contain a cell wall?
Eukaryotic
Why do prokaryotic cells have a cell wall?
They lack an internal supporting skeleton.
The prokaryotic cell wall is made of ….
Strands of polysaccharides connected by short chains of amino acids.
What prokaryotic cell part enables prokaryotes to cling to most surfaces?
Capsule
What cell part enables prokaryotes to move?
Flagella
What defines a eukaryotes from a prokaryote?
A eukaryotes is an organism that has cells that contain a nucleus.
What cell part houses the DNA of a cell?
Nucleus
This is a cell organ
Organelle
What move proteins and other molecules from one organelle to another?
Vesicles
What do eukaryotes use to move around?
Cilia
What else can cilia perform?
Cilia propel substances across the surface.
A web of protein fibers make up ….
Cytoskeleton
What is the first kind of cytoskeleton?
Long slender micro filaments made of protein actin
What is the second type of cytoskeleton?
Hollow tubes called micro tubules made of protein tubules
What is the third type of cytoskeleton?
Thick ropes of protein called intermediate fibers.
Cell membranes are (physical characteristic)
Fluid like soapy bubbles
All things are
Made up of one or more cells
Who discovered cell
Robert Hooke
What kind of microscope did Hooke use
Light
Leeuwenhoek was the first to
Observe living cells
What are the cellular basses of life
Organized parts Obtain energy from surrounding Perform chem reactions Change with time Respond to their environment Reproduce
The cell shape reflects
Function
Ribosomes are locared either
Freely or attached to rough er
What is the ribosomes function
Protein synthesis
What is the Golgi apparatuses job
Process and package proteins
Vesicles have
Lysosomes and detoxification enzymes
Lysomes are …. And peroxisomes are
Digestive and detoxification
Explain protein synthesis
The rough ER, Golgi apparatus, and vesicles work together to transport proteins to their destinations inside and outside the cell
Centrioles are related to
Cytoskeleton
What is the composition of centrioles
Two short cylinders of micro tubules
Centrioles are needed for
Cell combustion
The plasma membrane is sometimes referred to as the
Cell membrane
What is an example of passive to get through plasma membrane?
Diffusion
What is an example of active
Physically and chemically removed
Cytoplasm includes everything inside the cell except the
Nucleus
Plasma membranes are composed of
Hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail
Hydrophilic head is …. Why hydrophobic is ….
Water loving, no water loving
The plasma membrane is a
Phospholipid bilayer
What is the nucleuses cytoplasm?
Nucleoplasm
The nuclear envelope is a
Double membrane surrounding the nucleus
The nucleolus is the place where
DNA is stored
What is the powerhouse of the cell?
Mitochondria
Mitochondria transforms organic matter to
ATP
The end pplastic reticulum prepares proteins for
Export or insert into cell membrane
Rough ER CONTAINS
Ribosomes
Smooth ER functions by
Building lipids and remove toxins
What makes a plant cell different from an animal cell
Cell wall, plastids, chloroplasts, central vacuole
Plastids store
Starch and pigment
Chloroplasts contain
Photosynthesis which change light to chemical energy
What stores water, enzymes, waste products
Central vacuole