Cell/Particle Movement

Question 1

osmosis

Answer 1

special kind of diffusion that involves movement of water. solvent moves toward equilibrium

Question 2

simple diffusion/passive transport

Answer 2

high concentration outside cell and low concentration inside cell, substance will move down

Question 3

diffusion

Answer 3

solute moves toward equilibrium-molecules always moving

Question 4

tonicity

Answer 4

if the environment is isotonic to the cell, the solute concentration is the same inside and outside

Question 5

water potential

Answer 5

the measure of potential energy in water and describes how water flows from an area of high water potential to an area of low water potential

Question 6

selectively permeable

Answer 6

allows certain molecules or ions to pass through it by means of active or passive transport

Question 7

active transport

Answer 7

movement against the natural flow, requires energy, potassium pump & sodium ions

Question 8

solvent

Answer 8

dissolving agent

Question 9

solute

Answer 9

what is being dissolved

Question 10

isotonic

Answer 10

no change in environment- equilibrium

Question 11

hypertonic

Answer 11

high solute, animal cells swell and burst

Question 12

hypotonic

Answer 12

little solute, animal cells shrink

Question 13

kinetic energy

Answer 13

energy a body possesses

Question 14

plasmolysis

Answer 14

contraction due to loss of water from cell

Question 15

turgor pressure

Answer 15

pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall of plant, bacteria, and fungi cells as well as those protist cells which have cell walls.

Question 16

facilitated transport/diffusion

Answer 16

flow of substance is down the concentration gradient, no energy, opens up, glucose

Question 17

endocytosis

Answer 17

into cell

Question 18

exocytosis

Answer 18

out of cell

Question 19

pinocytosis

Answer 19

large amounts of fluids

Question 20

phagocytosis

Answer 20

food particles in cell

Question 21

metabolism

Answer 21

way an organism uses energy

Question 22

1st law of thermodynamics (2)

Answer 22

energy cannot be created or destroyed, can be transferred and transformed

Question 23

2nd law of thermodynamics (3)

Answer 23

every energy transfer makes universe more disordered, when energy is transferred some is lost as heat, amt of useful energy decreases when energy is transferred

Question 24

entropy

Answer 24

measure of disorder