Cell Organization in the Human Body

Question 1

Basic units of structure and function in living organisms. All body processes, including metabolism, growth, and reproduction, occur at the cellular level.

Answer 1

Cell

Question 2

A phospholipid bilayer that encloses the cell, providing structure and regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Answer 2

Cell Membrane

Question 3

A jelly-like substance inside the cell that contains organelles and is the site for many cellular activities.

Answer 3

Cytoplasm

Question 4

The control center of the cell containing DNA, which directs cellular activities such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction.

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

Specialized structures within the cell that perform specific functions

Answer 5

Organelles

Question 6

Powerhouses of the cell, producing energy (ATP) through cellular respiration.

Answer 6

Mitochondria

Question 7

Sites of protein synthesis, translating genetic instructions to build proteins.

Answer 7

Ribosomes

Question 8

Two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Answer 8

Rough ER, Smooth ER

Question 9

Studded with ribosomes; involved in protein synthesis and processing.

Answer 9

Rough ER

Question 10

Involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification.

Answer 10

Smooth ER

Question 11

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for transport.

Answer 11

Golgi Apparatus

Question 12

Contain enzymes for digestion and waste removal.

Answer 12

Lysosomes

Question 13

A network of fibers (microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules) that provide structural support and facilitate cell movement.

Answer 13

Cytoskeleton

Question 14

Cell types

Answer 14

Prokaryotic cells and Eukaryotic cells

Question 15

Cells convert nutrients into energy, build cellular structures, and maintain cellular functions.

Answer 15

Metabolism

Question 16

Cells communicate through chemical signals, which coordinate functions like immune responses and tissue repair.

Answer 16

Communication

Question 17

Cells reproduce through mitosis (for growth and repair) or meiosis (for producing reproductive cells).

Answer 17

Reproduction

Question 18

Simple cells without a nucleus (e.g., bacteria).

Answer 18

Prokaryotic Cells

Question 19

Complex cells with a defined nucleus and organelles (e.g., human cells).

Answer 19

Eukaryotic Cells