Cell Organelles

Question 1

Lysosomes (function)

Answer 1

Break down waste materials including old organelles

Question 2

Nucleosis (function)

Answer 2

Makes RNA and ribosomes

Question 3

Nucleus (function)

Answer 3

Controls cellular activity and houses DNA and proteins

Question 4

Centrioles (function)

Answer 4

Form spindle fibres during cell division

Question 5

Mitochondria (function)

Answer 5

Site of the final stages of cellular respiration

Question 6

Ribosomes (function)

Answer 6

Site of protein synthesis

Question 7

Plasma membrane (function)

Answer 7

Protects cell from surroundings. Semi permeable to ions and organic molecules

Question 8

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (function)

Answer 8

Responsible for synthesis and transport of lipids and carbohydrates

Question 9

Cytoplasm (function)

Answer 9

Maintains cell shape and stores chemicals needed for matasolic reactions

Question 10

Golgi apparatus (function)

Answer 10

Modified newly made proteins and packages them into vesicles to be transported to where they’re needed

Question 11

Transport vesicle (function)

Answer 11

Transport materials within the cell

Question 12

Secretory vesicle (function)

Answer 12

Transport proteins that are to be released from the cell

Question 13

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (function)

Answer 13

Protein synthesis occurs in ribosomes; newly synthesised proteins are transported to the Golgi apparatus

Question 14

Cell wall (function)

Answer 14

Protects and supports each cell and whole plant

Question 15

Chloroplast (function)

Answer 15

Site of photosynthesis. Light energy is trapped by chlorophyll and used to produce carbohydrate molecules from water and CO2

Question 16

Vacuole (function)

Answer 16

Maintains turgor to ensure a rigid framework in the cell

Question 17

Tonoplast (function)

Answer 17

Selectively permeable to allow small molecules to pass through

Question 18

Amyloplast (function)

Answer 18

Responsible for synthesis and storage of starch granules

Question 19

Plasmodesmata (function)

Answer 19

Enable transport and communication between individual plant cells

Question 20

Pits (function)

Answer 20

Allow water to enter and leave xylem vessels

Question 21

80s VS 70s ribosomes

Answer 21

80s present in eukaryotic cells.
70s present in prokaryotic cells.
80s consists of 60s and 40s.
70s consists of 50s and 30s.
80s sediments faster than 70s.

Question 22

Palisade mesophyll cell (function)

Answer 22

Photosynthesis. Mesophyll captures light and makes food.

Question 23

Sperm and egg cells (function)

Answer 23

Reproduction

Question 24

Root hair cells in plants (function)

Answer 24

Collect water and mineral nutrients from water, and transport through roots to the rest of the plant.

Question 25

White blood cells (function)

Answer 25

Protect body against infectious diseases and foreign invaders.

Question 26

Red blood cells (function)

Answer 26

Transport oxygen. Remove carbon dioxide from body.

Question 27

Sperm cell (structure)

Answer 27

Consists of head, neck, midpiece and tail. | Head contains: densely coiled fibres, acrosome, enzymes

Question 28

Egg cell (structure)

Answer 28

Contains: yolk, vitelline membrane, nucleus, albumin

Question 29

Red blood cell (structure)

Answer 29

Flexible and oval biconcave disks. Lack a nucleus and most organelles. Contains hemoglobin.