Cell Organelles Flashcards

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1
Q

Lysosomes (function)

A

Break down waste materials including old organelles

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2
Q

Nucleosis (function)

A

Makes RNA and ribosomes

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3
Q

Nucleus (function)

A

Controls cellular activity and houses DNA and proteins

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4
Q

Centrioles (function)

A

Form spindle fibres during cell division

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5
Q

Mitochondria (function)

A

Site of the final stages of cellular respiration

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6
Q

Ribosomes (function)

A

Site of protein synthesis

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7
Q

Plasma membrane (function)

A

Protects cell from surroundings. Semi permeable to ions and organic molecules

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8
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (function)

A

Responsible for synthesis and transport of lipids and carbohydrates

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9
Q

Cytoplasm (function)

A

Maintains cell shape and stores chemicals needed for matasolic reactions

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10
Q

Golgi apparatus (function)

A

Modified newly made proteins and packages them into vesicles to be transported to where they’re needed

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11
Q

Transport vesicle (function)

A

Transport materials within the cell

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12
Q

Secretory vesicle (function)

A

Transport proteins that are to be released from the cell

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13
Q

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (function)

A

Protein synthesis occurs in ribosomes; newly synthesised proteins are transported to the Golgi apparatus

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14
Q

Cell wall (function)

A

Protects and supports each cell and whole plant

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15
Q

Chloroplast (function)

A

Site of photosynthesis. Light energy is trapped by chlorophyll and used to produce carbohydrate molecules from water and CO2

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16
Q

Vacuole (function)

A

Maintains turgor to ensure a rigid framework in the cell

17
Q

Tonoplast (function)

A

Selectively permeable to allow small molecules to pass through

18
Q

Amyloplast (function)

A

Responsible for synthesis and storage of starch granules

19
Q

Plasmodesmata (function)

A

Enable transport and communication between individual plant cells

20
Q

Pits (function)

A

Allow water to enter and leave xylem vessels

21
Q

80s VS 70s ribosomes

A
80s present in eukaryotic cells.
70s present in prokaryotic cells.
80s consists of 60s and 40s.
70s consists of 50s and 30s.
80s sediments faster than 70s.
22
Q

Palisade mesophyll cell (function)

A

Photosynthesis. Mesophyll captures light and makes food.

23
Q

Sperm and egg cells (function)

A

Reproduction

24
Q

Root hair cells in plants (function)

A

Collect water and mineral nutrients from water, and transport through roots to the rest of the plant.

25
Q

White blood cells (function)

A

Protect body against infectious diseases and foreign invaders.

26
Q

Red blood cells (function)

A

Transport oxygen. Remove carbon dioxide from body.

27
Q

Sperm cell (structure)

A

Consists of head, neck, midpiece and tail.

Head contains: densely coiled fibres, acrosome, enzymes

28
Q

Egg cell (structure)

A

Contains: yolk, vitelline membrane, nucleus, albumin

29
Q

Red blood cell (structure)

A

Flexible and oval biconcave disks. Lack a nucleus and most organelles. Contains hemoglobin.