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General Biology 1 > Cell Model:Bacteria > Flashcards

Cell Model:Bacteria Flashcards

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1
Q

•have no defined nucleus
•divide by binary fission
•contain very little specialization within the cell

A

Prokaryotic cells (bacteria)

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2
Q

•have a distinct nucleus
•replicate by mitosis&meiosis
•have a specialized membrane enclosed organelles(e.g. mitochondria)

A

Eukaryote cells (animals&plants)

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3
Q

Is region within bacteria visible in transmission electron micrographs.

A

Nucleoid

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4
Q

Most of the DNA is found here along with some RNA& proteins

A

Nucleoid

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5
Q

Unlike the eukaryotic nucleus the nucleoid is not bounded by a memberane

A

Nucleoid

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6
Q

Is the bacterial “chromosome” contained In the nucleoid region

A

Genophore

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7
Q

The usually circular Genophore consist of double stranded DNA& contains most of the genetic material of the organism (see:plasmid)

A

A fact about:genophore

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8
Q

Are small circular DNA fragments found in the cytoplasm

A

Plasmid

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9
Q

?contain code responsible for antibiotic resistance&other characteristics

A

Plasmid

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10
Q

A fact:plasmid& associated traits can be transferred between bacteria even from one bacterial species to another

A

A fact:true

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11
Q

•Nutrients and reserves may be stored in these cytoplasmic inclusions

A

Storage granules

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12
Q

Stored nutrients include glycogen,lipids,polyphosphate, or in some cases sulfur or nitrogen

A

Storage granules

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13
Q

Give the cytoplasm a granular appearance in electron micrographs

A

Ribosomes

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14
Q

Bacterial ribosomes are smaller than in eukaryotic cells

A

A fact about: ribosomes

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15
Q

As in eukaryotes ? Are the site for messenger RNA translation into proteins

A

Ribosomes

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16
Q

Is the internal soup of the cell that is bounded on the outside by the cell envelope

A

Cytoplasm

17
Q

? Is made of polysaccharides& sometimes proteins

A

Capsule

18
Q

It can protect the cell and is often associated with pathogenic bacteria

A

Capsule

19
Q

The capsule on some bacteria acts as a barrier against phagocytosis by white blood cells with resulting bacterial survival within the host

A

A fact about:capsule

20
Q

Capsules can be seen by viewing in ?

A

India ink

21
Q

An outer membrane (OM) is present in gram positive bacteria

A

Cell envelope(outer membrane short OM)

22
Q

It is a phospholipid bilayer that contains lipopolysaccharide in short (LPS) on its outside surface

A

Cell envelope (OM)

23
Q

LPS is toxic and can stimulate that host immune response

A

Fact about:LPS

24
Q

OM proteins transmit environmental signals to the cell,transportaterials and acts as enzymes

A

OM proteins

25
Q

Found only in gram negative bacteria between the outer membrane and the cytoplasmic membrane
•this space contains the cell wall

A

Cell membrane(periplasmic space)

26
Q

The bacterial? Is composed of peptidoglycan which maintains cell shape&can stimulate a host immune response
•the gram positive cell wall stains blue with crystal violet

A

Cell envelope(cell wall)

27
Q

In gram negative bacteria the outer membrane prevents the crystal violet from straining the inner cell wall. Hence these bacteria stain red with the counterstain safranin

A

A fact about cell membrane(CW)

28
Q

•Is a phospholipid bilayer
•The function of this membrane is the transport of materials between the cells cytoplasm& surrounding environment

A

•cytoplasmic membrane(CM)
•cell envelope (CM)

29
Q

•These are like hollow hairlike structures made of protein

A

Pili,fimbriae

30
Q

•bacteria attach to other cells via pili
•sex pili allow the transfer of plasmid DNA between bacterial cells sometimes this process results in transfer of antibiotic resistance

A

A fact about:pili fimbriae

31
Q

•These are long appendages containing microtubules used for motility
•they rotate by means by a “motor” located just under the cytoplasmic membrane
• a fact:bacteria can have a single,a few or many flagella

A

Flagella

32
Q

Shapes of bacteria?

A

•cocci
•rods
•spirals

33
Q

Gram positive bacteria examples:?

A

•bacillus
•listeria
•actinomyces
•lactobacillus

34
Q

Gram negative bacteria examples:?

A

•borrelia
•E.coli
•vibrio
•salmonella

General Biology 1 (5 decks)

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