Cell metabolism 2 (fatty acid biosynthesis) Flashcards
How many enzymes are used in fatty acid biosynthesis and what are their names
2 enzymes;
Acetyl CoA carboxylase
Fatty acid synthase
What is the growing Acyl chain linked to
Acyl carrier protein (ACP)
What are the 3 components of the enzyme Acetyl CoA carboxylase
ketoreductase
dehydratasae
enoyl reductase
What are the reactants needed for biosynthesis
activated Acyl group
Activated malonyl group
What is the sequence of reactions
condensation
reduction
dehydration
reduction
What are the major differences between fatty acid biosynthesis and beta oxidation
fatty acid biosynthesis happens in the mitochondrial matrix whereas beta oxidation happens in the cytoplasm
Fatty acid biosynthesis uses ACP as a carrier (beta oxidation uses CoA)
Fatty acid biosynthesis uses NADP as an oxidising agent (beta oxidation uses NAD/ FAD)
Write the equation for the formation of palmitate (C16)
Acetyl CoA (2C) + Malonyl CoA (3C) + 14 NADPH + 14H ----> palmitate + 7CO2 + 6H2O + 8CoA-SH + 14NADP+
What is the problem with elongation
elongation longer than 16C long happens in the MITOCHONRION AND ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
How are desaturation fatty acids created
enzyme fatty acyl CoA desaturases
What is the enzyme that creates palmitoleic acid and oleic acid from palmitate and stearate and why is it called that
Delta 9 desaturase as it forms a double bond on the 9th carbon atom away from the carboxyl group
In adults, where is fatty acid biosynthesis occuring
Adipose tissue
lactating breast
liver
cancer cells
