Cell Membranes Flashcards

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1
Q

Where are plasma membranes found?

A

Cells, organelles and vesicles

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2
Q

What are the functions of a plasma membrane?

A
  • form a barrier between 2 environments
  • control exchange of substances between environments
  • allows different conditions to be established and maintained
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3
Q

What is the difference between a plasma membrane and a cell surface membrane?

A

A cell surface membrane envelopes the cytoplasm of a cell
Plasma membrane can be found anywhere

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4
Q

What is the cell surface membrane made from?

A

Phospholipids

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5
Q

What is the structure of a phospholipid?

A

Hydrophilic head:
Phosphate with phosphoester bond
Hydrophobic tail:
Glycerol wire ester bond
Attached to 2 fatty acids

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6
Q

What is the fluid mosaic model?

A

Molecules within the phospholipid bilayer fit like a mosaic and are free to move within the layer

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7
Q

What does the fluidity of the bilayer depend upon?

A

Temperature and presence of cholersterol molecules

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8
Q

Phospholipid

A
  • arranged in bilayer
  • hydrophilic head points out
  • hydrophobic tail faces in
  • form total waterproof barrier around the cell/organelle/vacuole
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9
Q

Extrinsic protein

A
  • proteins on the outside of the cell
  • receptors
  • enzymes
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10
Q

Intrinsic protein

A
  • proteins that goes all the way through the bilayer
  • allows water soluble molecules to pass into or out of cell
  • channel proteins or
  • molecules can entry by facilitated diffusion
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11
Q

Glycoprotein

A
  • protein with carbohydrate chain coming off of it
  • recognition of self
  • helps cell stick to each other to form tissues
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12
Q

Glycolipid

A
  • carbohydrate chain attached to phospholipid molecules
  • self recognition
  • maintains stability of cell membrane
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13
Q

Cholesterol

A
  • molecule sits within the phospholipid bilayer
  • bind to tails of phospholipids, causing them to pack more closely together- restricts movements (less fluid more rigid)
  • maintain integrity and fluidity of cell membrane (shape)
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14
Q

What molecules can pass through the phospholipid bilayer?

A

Small molecules e.g. oxygen and carbon dioxide
And lipid soluble molecules

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15
Q

What properties should a drug have to enter a cell quickly?

A

Small molecules and lipid soluble

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